scholarly journals Four‐Year Behavioral, Health‐Related Quality of Life, and BMI Outcomes from a Cluster Randomized Whole of Systems Trial of Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity

Obesity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Allender ◽  
Liliana Orellana ◽  
Nic Crooks ◽  
Kristy A. Bolton ◽  
Penny Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cluster Randomized

scholarly journals Four-year Behavioural, Health Related Quality of Life and BMI Outcomes From a Cluster Randomized Whole of Systems Trial of Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity (Whostops Childhood Obesity)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Allender ◽  
Liliana Orellana ◽  
Nic Crooks ◽  
Kristy Bolton ◽  
Penny Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Behavioural Health ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Abstract Objectives: To test the effectiveness of the Whole of Systems Trial of Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity (WHOSTOPS) for behavioural, health related quality of life and Body Mass Index (BMI) outcomes.Design :Cluster randomized trial of ten communities randomly allocated (1:1) to start intervention in 2015(step one) or in 2019 (after 4-years).Setting:Community based trial in South West Victoria, Australia, including all major health and local council agencies.Participants: Data were collected from 59 participating primary schools April-June of 2015 (73% school participation rate); 2017 (69%), and 2019 (63%). Student participation rates were 80% in 2015 (1,792/2,516 invited), 81% in 2017 (2,411/2,963), and 79% in 2019 (2,177/2,720).Interventions: Local leaders, organisations and community members developed obesity prevention interventions and implementation measures using a five phase process to change existing conditions that lead to childhood obesity.Main outcome measures: Measured height and weight (Grades two, four and six), self-reported behavioural, and health-related quality of life (Grade four and six).Results: There was an intervention by time interaction in both age and sex standardizedBMI (BMIz) (p=0.031)and obesity/overweight prevalence (p=0.006). The control communities remained unchanged whereas BMIz and overweight/obesity prevalence decreased between 2015 and 2017 and increased between 2017 and 2019 in intervention communities. The intervention reduced take away food consumption (p=0.006) and improved physical (p=0.036) and global (p=0.036) health related quality of life. Water consumption increased among girls (p=0.019)as did energy-dense and nutrient poor snack consumption (p=0.015) and take-away food consumption among boys (p= 0.012). BMIz of the grade two cohort steadily increased.Conclusions: WHOSTOPS had a positive impact on takeaway food intake and health-related quality of life.Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): 12616000980437.Registered 26 July 2016 - Retrospectively registered https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/

scholarly journals Silver diamine fluoride, atraumatic restorations, and oral health-related quality of life: Results from the CariedAway cluster randomized trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Richard Ruff ◽  
Tamarinda J Barry Godin ◽  
Topaz Murray Small ◽  
Richard Niederman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Objective: Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a non-surgical treatment for the arrest and prevention of dental caries that results in irreversible black staining of dental decay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of SDF treatment on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) relative to a standard package of glass ionomer sealants and atraumatic restorative treatment. Methods: CariedAway is a pragmatic, longitudinal, cluster-randomized non- inferiority trial of non-surgical interventions for caries. Secondary study outcomes included OHRQoL and academic performance. Oral health-related quality of life was measured at each study visit using the Child Oral Health Impact Profile. Change in OHRQoL was assessed using linear regression and non-inferiority was determined using t-tests. Results: Untreated decay at baseline was associated with signifcantly worse ORHQoL and treatment in both groups resulted in incremental improvement. Quality of life in children receiving silver diamine fluoride was non-inferior to those receiving sealants and ART at least six months post-treatment. Additionally, change in OHRQoL did not depend on the severity of baseline decay. Conclusions: ORHQoL is related to untreated dental caries, however no appreciable change was observed following SDF treatment relative to standard preventive therapies.

Efficacy of an adaptive kayaking intervention for improving health-related quality of life among wounded, ill, and injured service members

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Scherer, PT, PhD, NCS ◽  
Daniel M. Gade, PhD ◽  
Kathleen E. Yancosek, PhD, OTR/L, CHT
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Adaptive sports are popular within military and civilian rehabilitation communities as a means to promote fitness, independence, self-efficacy, and return to participation in life roles. Although widely prescribed, there is little evidence to demonstrate the efficacy of such interventions. This study surveyed 40 wounded, ill, and injured active duty and veteran service members (SMs) who participated in a week-long adaptive kayaking program. Validated health-related quality of life instruments assessing physical and behavioral health domains following trauma were administered before and after participation in a week-long adaptive kayaking trip. Postintervention analysis of these measures revealed clinically significant improvements in depression (+7 percent), anxiety (+5 percent), posttraumatic stress disorder (+4 percent), and social interaction (+7 percent) subscales on the Trauma Outcome Profile (TOP) which trended toward, but did not achieve, statistical significance. Analysis of Veterans RAND (VR-12) data revealed a mean four-point improvement in participant mental health component summary (MCS) scores (p _ 0.05) following intervention indicating clinically and statistically significant improvement in behavioral health symptoms. No improvement was observed on the mean postintervention physical health component summary (PCS) score suggesting minimal short-term effects of kayaking on self-assessment of physical well-being. In aggregate, findings from this study suggest that adaptive kayaking may be an effective intervention to remediate behavioral health sequelae commonly experienced by SM following trauma. Future research should explore the effectiveness of adaptive kayaking relative to standard of care clinical rehabilitation strategies to optimize physical as well as mental health outcomes.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a technology-assisted, family volunteers delivered, brief, multicomponent parents’ skills training intervention for children with developmental disorders in rural Pakistan: a cluster randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Usman Hamdani ◽  
Zill-e- Huma ◽  
Nadia Suleman ◽  
Parveen Akhtar ◽  
Huma Nazir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Abstract Background Globally, there is a large documented gap between needs of families and children with developmental disorders and available services. We adapted the World Health Organization’s mental health Gap-Intervention Guidelines (mhGAP-IG) developmental disorders module into a tablet-based android application to train caregivers of children with developmental disorders. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this technology-assisted, family volunteers delivered, parents’ skills training intervention to improve functioning in children with developmental disorders in a rural community of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Methods In a single-blinded, cluster randomized controlled trial, 30 clusters were randomised (1:1 ratio) to intervention (n = 15) or enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU) arm (n = 15). After screening, 540 children (18 participants per cluster) aged 2–12 years, with developmental disorders and their primary caregivers were recruited into the trial. Primary outcome was child’s functioning, measured by Childhood Disability Assessment Schedule for Developmental Disorders (DD-CDAS) at 6-months post-intervention. Secondary outcomes were parents’ health related quality of life, caregiver-child joint engagement, socio-emotional well-being of children, family empowerment and stigmatizing experiences. Intention-to-treat analyses were done using mixed-models adjusted for covariates and clusters. Results At 6-months post-intervention, no statistically significant mean difference was observed on DD-CDAS between intervention and ETAU (mean [SD], 47.65 [26.94] vs. 48.72 [28.37], Adjusted Mean Difference (AMD), − 2.63; 95% CI − 6.50 to 1.24). However, parents in the intervention arm, compared to ETAU reported improved health related quality of life (mean [SD] 65.56 [23.25] vs. 62.17 [22.63], AMD 5.28; 95% CI 0.44 to 10.11). The results were non-significant for other secondary outcomes. Conclusions In the relatively short intervention period of 6 months, no improvement in child functioning was observed; but, there were significant improvements in caregivers’ health related quality of life. Further trials with a longer follow-up are recommended to evaluate the impact of intervention. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02792894. Registered April 4, 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02792894

scholarly journals Effects of health education on adolescents’ non-cognitive skills, life satisfaction and aspirations, and health-related quality of life: A cluster-randomized controlled trial in Vietnam

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259000
Author(s):  
Sangchul Yoon ◽  
Shinki An ◽  
Dave Haeyun Noh ◽  
Le Thanh Tuan ◽  
Jongwook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
P Value ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Objective The effectiveness of health education on adolescents has been questioned, along with a growing body of empirical studies documenting the absence of behavioral changes after the intervention. However, evidence on its impact on other crucial health domains, besides health practices, is lacking. We evaluated the causal effects of a school-based health education program on adolescents’ multidimensional psychological health factors. Design A cluster-randomized controlled trial. Methods We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial involving 140 lower secondary schools in Vietnam. After stratifying by district, schools were randomized 1:1 to either treatment or control groups. Students enrolled in the treatment schools received monthly stand-alone health education in five topics by school teachers at the class level, but control group students did not receive any intervention. The primary outcomes of the study were students’ non-cognitive skills, life satisfaction, aspirations gap, and the Health-Related Quality of Life at five-month follow-up. We estimated the intention-to-treat effects with the panel fixed effects model using student panel data. Results Of the 6,477 students enrolled at baseline, 2,958 (92%) treated and 2,967 (91%) control students completed the follow-up survey five months after baseline data collection from October to December 2018. Compared with controls, health education led to improved treatment school students’ self-efficacy (p-value = 0.013), presumed life satisfaction five years from the present (p-value = 0.001), aspirations gap for a socially and mentally healthy future (p-value = 0.036), and the Health-Related Quality of Life (p-value = 0.036). Conclusion A school-based health education program enhanced students’ non-cognitive skills, life satisfaction and aspirations gap, and the Health-Related Quality of Life significantly. This study proposes essential psychological factors that should be taken into account when evaluating the effectiveness of a health education program in resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals Preferences on how to measure and discuss health related quality of life within integrated care for children with obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minke M. A. Eilander ◽  
Marieke M. A. van Mil ◽  
Leandra W. Koetsier ◽  
Jacob C. Seidell ◽  
Jutka Halberstadt
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Psychosocial Wellbeing ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background Childhood obesity can affect physical as well as psychosocial wellbeing. Therefore, childhood obesity care aims to improve all dimensions of health related quality of life (HRQoL). HRQoL can be measured with the generic questionnaire PedsQL4.0 and the weight-specific IWQOL-Kids. In the Netherlands, HRQoL assessment is conducted by the coordinating professional (CP). The aim of this qualitative study was to examine how and when to implement the measurement and discussion of HRQoL using the PedsQL4.0 and IWQOL-Kids within the integrated care for children with obesity in the Netherlands. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fourteen CPs, in which the following was discussed: a) familiarity and attributions with regard to the assessment of HRQoL; b) wishes and needs with regard to the usage of the questionnaires; c) its practical incorporation. Results Interviews revealed that most CPs gained insight into the HRQoL by talking with families. One CP used the PedsQL4.0, the remaining CPs were unfamiliar with the two questionnaires. Even though some barriers, for instance a lack of time, might hinder the implementation of the PedsQL4.0 and IWQOL-Kids, all participants think the usage of either one or both questionnaires would have additional value to the support and care for children with obesity. There was no consensus about the questionnaire of preference. Conclusions When the right preconditions are met, HRQoL questionnaires have the potential to support CPs in improving the care for children with obesity, tailored to each individual child.

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