Conditioned food aversion in domestic dogs induced by thiram

Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant often ingested by livestock in Brazil. Three experiments were conducted to determine if conditioned food aversion was effective in reducing goats' consumption of I. carnea. In the first experiment, 10 mildly intoxicated goats that had been eating I. carnea were averted using LiCl (175 to 200mg kg-1 body weight). These intoxicated goats did not develop an aversion to I. carnea, demonstrating that the technique is not effective in goats that are already accustomed to consuming the plant. In the second experiment, 14 naïve goats were placed in a pasture with I. carnea, and averted after they ingested the plant. In this group the aversion persisted until the end of the experiment, 2 years and 8 months after the initial aversion. In another experiment, 20 goats were placed in a pasture with I. carnea, and after consuming the plant were averted with LiCl. The averted goats were transferred to Marajo Island and periodically observed over a 2 year period at 2-3 month intervals to determine if they were still averted. The averted goats did not ingest the plant while grazing in the pasture, whereas in 6 neighboring goat farms the prevalence of intoxication from I. carnea poisoning was estimated to be about 40%. These results demonstrated the efficacy of conditioned food aversion to avoid ingestion of I. carnea in formerly naïve goats that had only recently begun to ingest the plant.

Download Full-text

Methods of inducing conditioned food aversion to Baccharis coridifolia (mio-mio) in cattle

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/s0103-84782013001000022 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 43 (10) ◽

pp. 1866-1871 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Milton Begeres de Almeida ◽

Ana Lucia Schild ◽

James Pfister ◽

Marcelo Pimentel ◽

Karine Maciel Forster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Low Doses ◽

Food Aversion ◽

Sufficient Time ◽

Baccharis Coridifolia ◽

Time To Learn ◽

Conditioned Food Aversion

Three experiments were performed to determine the efficacy of various methods of averting naïve cattle to prevent Baccharis coridifolia poisoning: forced oral administration of 0.5g kg-1 body weight of fresh B. coridifolia; forced inhalation of the smoke from burning B. coridifolia and rubbing the plant on the animals' muzzles and mouths; and introducing the animals into paddocks with low invasion by B. coridifolia. Results demonstrated that cattle forced to ingest low doses become strongly averted if introduced into paddocks 23-26 hours after the aversion. In contrast, cattle introduced into the paddocks between 1-10 hours were not fully averted. Inhalation of B. coridifolia smoke, and rubbing the plant on the animals' muzzles and mouths were not efficient to induce an aversion. The introduction of cattle into paddocks with approximately 1% of B. coridifolia was efficient if the animals remained 5 months in the area, but not if they only remained for 60 hours, as cattle required sufficient time to learn to avoid the plant.

Download Full-text

Spontaneous and experimental poisoning of cattle by Palicourea aeneofusca in the region of Pernambuco and induction of conditioned food aversion

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20150079 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 138-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Luiz Bezerra de Brito ◽

Raquel Feitosa Albuquerque ◽

Brena Pessoa Rocha ◽

Samuel Salgado Albuquerque ◽

Stephen Tomas Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Single Dose ◽

Lithium Chloride ◽

Test Group ◽

Aversive Conditioning ◽

Feeding Tube ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Food Aversion ◽

Conditioned Food Aversion

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological aspects of Palicourea aeneofusca poisoning in cattle in the region of Pernambuco, Brazil and to determine if it is possible to induce food aversion by P. aeneofusca poisoning in cattle raised under extensive management conditions. To determine the occurrence of poisoning, 30 properties were visited in five municipalities of the region of Pernambuco. Three outbreaks of poisoning of cattle were monitored. To induce conditioned food aversion by the consumption of P. aeneofusca, 12 animals were randomly distributed into two groups of six animals each. Cattle were weighed and received green P. aeneofusca leaves in their trough at a dose of 35mg kg-1 body weight for spontaneous consumption. The control group (CG) animals received water (1ml kg-1 body weight) via a feeding tube after the first ingestion of the plant, while the other animals, constituting the aversion test group (ATG), underwent induced aversion with lithium chloride (LiCl - 175mg kg-1 body weight) via a feeding tube. For the ATG cattle, the aversion to P. aeneofusca induced by a single dose of LiCl persisted for 12 months. In contrast, the CG animals continued to consume the plant in all tests performed, indicating the absence of aversion. This study showed that aversive conditioning using LiCl was effective in preventing poisoning by P. aeneofusca for a period of at least 12 months.

Download Full-text