Protective and pathological roles of regulatory immune cells in human cytomegalovirus infection following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haideh Namdari ◽  
Maryam Hosseini ◽  
Mahboubeh Yazdanifar ◽  
Hamid Farajifard ◽  
Farzad Parvizpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus Infection

Cytomegalovirus infection in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Chile

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Paris ◽  
Katherine Kopp ◽  
Alejandra King ◽  
Maria E. Santolaya ◽  
Ana J. Zepeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

scholarly journals IL-2 and Anti-TGF-β Promote NK Cell Reconstitution and Anti-tumor Effects after Syngeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maite Alvarez ◽  
Cordelia Dunai ◽  
Lam T. Khuat ◽  
Ethan G. Aguilar ◽  
Isabel Barao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

The failure of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been associated with a profound immunodeficiency that follows shortly after treatment, which renders patients susceptible to opportunistic infections and/or cancer relapse. Thus, given the additional immunosuppressive pathways involved in immune evasion in cancer, strategies that induce a faster reconstitution of key immune effector cells are needed. Natural killer (NK) cells mediate potent anti-tumor effector functions and are the first immune cells to repopulate after HSCT. TGF-β is a potent immunosuppressive cytokine that can impede both the development and function of immune cells. Here, we evaluated the use of an immunotherapeutic regimen that combines low dose of IL-2, an NK cell stimulatory signal, with TGF-β neutralization, in order to accelerate NK cell reconstitution following congenic HSCT in mice by providing stimulatory signals yet also abrogating inhibitory ones. This therapy led to a marked expansion of NK cells and accelerated NK cell maturation. Following HSCT, mature NK cells from the treated recipients displayed an activated phenotype and enhanced anti-tumor responses both in vitro and in vivo. No overt toxicities or adverse effects were observed in the treated recipients. However, these stimulatory effects on NK cell recovery were predicated upon continuous treatment as cessation of treatment led to return to baseline levels and to no improvement of overall immune recovery when assessed at later time-points, indicating strict regulatory control of the NK cell compartment. Overall, this study still demonstrates that therapies that combine positive and negative signals can be plausible strategies to accelerate NK cell reconstitution following HSCT and augment anti-tumor efficacy.

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