Smoking Cessation Rates 4 Years after Treatment by Nicotine Gum and Acupuncture

Abstract Background Ability to manage urges to smoke is fundamental to maximizing the chances of success in smoking cessation. Previous studies have linked a higher dose of nicotine in nicotine replacement therapy to a higher success rate for smoking cessation. Thus, this study was performed to compare relief of urges to smoke, up until 5 h following treatment with a new 6 mg nicotine gum versus currently marketed 4 mg nicotine gum. Methods This was a randomized crossover clinical study. Following 12 h of abstinence from smoking, either one 6 mg or one 4 mg nicotine gum was given to 240 healthy adult smokers. Thereafter, urges to smoke were scored on a 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale repeatedly over 5 h. Results The reductions in urges to smoke over the first 1 and 3 h after administration were statistically significantly greater with 6 mg than 4 mg gum, (p < 0.005). A 50% reduction in perceived urges to smoke was reached in 9.4 min with 6 mg gum compared to 16.2 min with 4 mg gum (median values). The median duration of a 50% or more reduction in VAS urges to smoke score was 111 min with the 6 mg gum, versus 74 min for the 4 mg gum. Conclusion This study provides evidence that the 6 mg nicotine gum provided a greater reduction, faster and longer relief of urges to smoke than the 4 mg nicotine gum. Trial registration EudraCT Number: 2010–023268-42. Study was first entered in EudraCT 2011-02-23.

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Weight gain as a function of smoking cessation and 2-mg nicotine gum use among middle-aged smokers with mild lung impairment in the first 2 years of the Lung Health Study.

Health Psychology ◽

10.1037/0278-6133.13.4.354 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 354-361 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Mitchell Nides ◽

Cynthia Rand ◽

Jeff Dolce ◽

Robert Murray ◽

Peggy O'Hara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Health Study ◽

Nicotine Gum ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Lung Health ◽

Lung Impairment

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Behavioral economic substitutability of e-cigarettes, tobacco cigarettes, and nicotine gum

Journal of Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/0269881117711921 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 851-860 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Matthew W Johnson ◽

Patrick S Johnson ◽

Olga Rass ◽

Lauren R Pacek

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Market Value ◽

Health Impact ◽

Health Impacts ◽

Nicotine Gum ◽

Behavioral Economic ◽

The Public ◽

Fixed Price

The public health impact of e-cigarettes may depend on their substitutability for tobacco cigarettes. Dual users of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes completed purchasing tasks in which they specified daily use levels under hypothetical conditions that varied the availability and price of e-cigarettes, tobacco cigarettes, and nicotine gum (for those with nicotine gum experience). When either e-cigarettes or tobacco cigarettes were the only available commodity, as price per puff increased, purchasing decreased, revealing similar reinforcement profiles. When available concurrently, as the price of tobacco puffs increased, purchasing of tobacco puffs decreased while purchasing of fixed-price e-cigarette puffs increased. Among those with nicotine gum experience, when the price of tobacco puffs was closest to the actual market value of tobacco puffs, e-cigarette availability decreased median tobacco puff purchases by 44% compared to when tobacco was available alone. In contrast, nicotine gum availability caused no decrease in tobacco puff purchases. E-cigarettes may serve as a behavioral economic substitute for tobacco cigarettes, and may be a superior substitute compared to nicotine gum in their ability to decrease tobacco use. Although important questions remain regarding the health impacts of e-cigarettes, these data are consistent with the possibility that e-cigarettes may serve as smoking cessation/reduction aids.

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