Muon-Catalyzed Nuclear Fusion for Energy Production

Fast-ions confinement is a prominent subject in developing nuclear fusion reactors due to its importance in sustaining the burning plasma and keeping energy production. However, confining them has proven to be difficult until now, and one of the reasons is that the inherent discrete magnetic field produces a magnetic ripple. A better understanding of fast-ions transport using appropriate numerical calculation tools needs to be developed to overcome such a challenge in the engineering aspect. This study revisited data collection of fast ion transport simulated under the ripple presence in a nuclear fusion device. The ion trajectories were followed using two orbit-following equation schemes, and the ripple-resonance island size in the Poincaré section was compared. The result showed that the island size obtained by each scheme was different when the particle resonates with a stronger ripple field and, proportionally, the diffusion coefficients are different. The physical meaning and consequence behind this discovery were discussed in this paper.

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Muon catalyzed nuclear fusion

Laser and Particle Beams ◽

10.1017/s0263034600003815 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 63-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

S. Eliezer

Keyword(s):

Energy Production ◽

Nuclear Fusion ◽

High Density ◽

Muon Catalyzed Fusion

The physics of muon-catalyzed fusion is summarized and discussed in the perspective of energy production by high density muon beams.

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Muon catalysis for energy production by nuclear fusion

Nature ◽

10.1038/285466a0 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 285 (5765) ◽

pp. 466-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

Yu. V. Petrov

Keyword(s):

Energy Production ◽

Nuclear Fusion ◽

Muon Catalysis

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How do charged environments affect low-energy fusion rates? Screening effects in laser-induced non-neutral plasmas

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/202022702008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 227 ◽

pp. 02008

Author(s):

Salvatore Simone Perrotta ◽

Aldo Bonasera

Keyword(s):

Energy Production ◽

Nuclear Fusion ◽

Fusion Energy ◽

Coulomb Explosion ◽

Low Energy ◽

Potential Approach ◽

Secondary Reactions

Globally charged environments can modify the rates of nuclear re- actions at the energies relevant for nuclear fusion energy production. This issue was addressed using the screening potential approach, deriving approximate an- alytical results for some scenarios of interest. The developed model predicts that fusion is hindered for reactions between thermal nuclei, while an enhancement is expected for secondary reactions and cluster Coulomb explosion beam-target reactions.

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27 December Energy Production from Nuclear Fusion

Science ◽

10.1126/science.174.4006.324 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 174 (4006) ◽

pp. 324-324

Author(s):

R. W. Gould

Keyword(s):

Energy Production ◽

Nuclear Fusion

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Mitochondrial matrix calcium ions regulate energy production in myocardium: A cytochemical study

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100134429 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 166-167

Author(s):

W.A. Jacob ◽

R. Hertsens ◽

A. Van Bogaert ◽

M. De Smet

Keyword(s):

Energy Metabolism ◽

Calcium Ions ◽

Energy Production ◽

Regulation Of Respiration ◽

Free Calcium ◽

Mitochondrial Matrix ◽

Cytochemical Study ◽

Nmr Techniques

In the past most studies of the control of energy metabolism focus on the role of the phosphorylation potential ATP/ADP.Pi on the regulation of respiration. Studies using NMR techniques have demonstrated that the concentrations of these compounds for oxidation phosphorylation do not change appreciably throughout the cardiac cycle and during increases in cardiac work. Hence regulation of energy production by calcium ions, present in the mitochondrial matrix, has been the object of a number of recent studies.Three exclusively intramitochondnal dehydrogenases are key enzymes for the regulation of oxidative metabolism. They are activated by calcium ions in the low micromolar range. Since, however, earlier estimates of the intramitochondnal calcium, based on equilibrium thermodynamic considerations, were in the millimolar range, a physiological correlation was not evident. The introduction of calcium-sensitive probes fura-2 and indo-1 made monitoring of free calcium during changing energy metabolism possible. These studies were performed on isolated mitochondria and extrapolation to the in vivo situation is more or less speculative.

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