Abstract
This work presents a review and analysis of modern asymptotic methods for analysis of singularly perturbed problems with interior and boundary layers. The central part of the work is a review of the work of the author and his colleagues and disciples. It highlights boundary and initial-boundary value problems for nonlinear elliptic and parabolic partial differential equations, as well as periodic parabolic problems, which are widely used in applications and are called reaction–diffusion and reaction–diffusion–advection equations. These problems can be interpreted as models in chemical kinetics, synergetics, astrophysics, biology, and other fields. The solutions of these problems often have both narrow boundary regions of rapid change and inner layers of various types (contrasting structures, moving interior layers: fronts), which leads to the need to develop new asymptotic methods in order to study them both formally and rigorously. A general scheme for a rigorous study of contrast structures in singularly perturbed problems for partial differential equations, based on the use of the asymptotic method of differential inequalities, is presented and illustrated on relevant problems. The main achievements of this line of studies of partial differential equations are reflected, and the key directions of its development are indicated.
Ordinary and partial difference equations