Zebrafish Brain Development Monitored by Long-Term In Vivo Microscopy: A Comparison Between Laser Scanning Confocal and 2-Photon Microscopy

2014 ◽  
pp. 163-188
Author(s):  
Nicolas Dross ◽  
Carlo Antonio Beretta ◽  
Peter Bankhead ◽  
Matthias Carl ◽  
Ulrike Engel
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
In Vivo Microscopy ◽  
Zebrafish Brain

scholarly journals Commentary: Long-term in vivo microscopy of CAR T cell dynamics during eradication of CNS lymphoma in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hocine Rachid Hocine ◽  
Hue T. Quach ◽  
Prasad S. Adusumilli
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cns Lymphoma ◽  
In Vivo Microscopy ◽  
Cell Dynamics ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T

scholarly journals Long-Term in Vivo Investigation of Mouse Cerebral Microcirculation by Fluorescence Confocal Microscopy in the Area of Focal Ischemia

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 858-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Tomita ◽  
Nathalie Kubis ◽  
Yolande Calando ◽  
Alexy Tran Dinh ◽  
Philippe Méric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Focal Ischemia ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Cranial Window ◽  
Fluorescence Confocal Microscopy

This study was designed to assess that mouse pial and cortical microcirculation can be monitored in the long term directly in the area of focal ischemia, using in vivo fluorescence microscopy. A closed cranial window was placed over the left parieto-occipital cortex of C57BL/6J mice. Local microcirculation was recorded in real time through the window using laser-scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy after intravenous injection of fluorescent erythrocytes and dextran. The basal velocity of erythrocytes through intraparenchymal capillaries was 0.53 ± 0.30 mm/sec ( n = 121 capillaries in 10 mice). Two branches of the middle cerebral artery were topically cauterized through the window. Blood flow evaluated by laser-Doppler flowmetry in two distinct areas indicated the occurrence of an ischemic core (15.2% ± 5.9% of baseline for at least 2 h) and a penumbral zone. Magnetic resonance imaging and histology were used to characterize the ischemic area at 24 h after occlusion. The infarct volume was 7.3 ± 3.2 mm3 ( n = 6). Microcirculation was repeatedly videorecorded using fluorescence confocal microscopy over the next month. After the decrease following arterial occlusion, capillary erythrocyte velocity was significantly higher than baseline 1 week later, and attained 0.74 ± 0.51 mm/sec ( n = 76 capillaries in six mice, P<0.005) after 1 month, while venous and capillary network remodeling was assessed, with a marked decrease in tortuosity. Immunohistochemistry revealed a zone of necrotic tissue into the infarct epicenter, with activated astrocytes at its border. Such long-term investigations in ischemic cortex brings new insight into the microcirculatory changes induced by focal ischemia and show the feasibility of long-term fluorescence studies in the mouse cortex.

scholarly journals Changes of Synaptic Structures Associated with Learning, Memory and Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Ju Lu ◽  
Yi Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
Synaptic Boutons ◽  
Synaptic Structures

Synaptic plasticity is widely believed to be the cellular basis of learning and memory. It is influenced by various factors including development, sensory experiences, and brain disorders. Long-term synaptic plasticity is accompanied by protein synthesis and trafficking, leading to structural changes of the synapse. In this review, we focus on the synaptic structural plasticity, which has mainly been studied with in vivo two-photon laser scanning microscopy. We also discuss how a special type of synapses, the multi-contact synapses (including those formed by multi-synaptic boutons and multi-synaptic spines), are associated with experience and learning.

scholarly journals Computer assisted detection of axonal bouton structural plasticity in in vivo time-lapse images

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Gala ◽  
Daniel Lebrecht ◽  
Daniela A Sahlender ◽  
Anne Jorstad ◽  
Graham Knott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
3D Electron Microscopy ◽  
Computer Assisted Detection

The ability to measure minute structural changes in neural circuits is essential for long-term in vivo imaging studies. Here, we propose a methodology for detection and measurement of structural changes in axonal boutons imaged with time-lapse two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2PLSM). Correlative 2PLSM and 3D electron microscopy (EM) analysis, performed in mouse barrel cortex, showed that the proposed method has low fractions of false positive/negative bouton detections (2/0 out of 18), and that 2PLSM-based bouton weights are correlated with their volumes measured in EM (r = 0.93). Next, the method was applied to a set of axons imaged in quick succession to characterize measurement uncertainty. The results were used to construct a statistical model in which bouton addition, elimination, and size changes are described probabilistically, rather than being treated as deterministic events. Finally, we demonstrate that the model can be used to quantify significant structural changes in boutons in long-term imaging experiments.

Confocal Laser Scanning In Vivo Microscopy

2006 ◽  
pp. 31-148
Author(s):  
Rudolf F. Guthoff ◽  
Christophe Baudouin ◽  
Joachim Stave
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
In Vivo Microscopy

scholarly journals Neurocan Is Dispensable for Brain Development

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 5970-5978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Hong Zhou ◽  
Cord Brakebusch ◽  
Henry Matthies ◽  
Toshitaka Oohashi ◽  
Emilio Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Term Potentiation

ABSTRACT Neurocan is a component of the extracellular matrix in brain. Due to its inhibition of neuronal adhesion and outgrowth in vitro and its expression pattern in vivo it was suggested to play an important role in axon guidance and neurite growth. To study the role of neurocan in brain development we generated neurocan-deficient mice by targeted disruption of the neurocan gene. These mice are viable and fertile and have no obvious deficits in reproduction and general performance. Brain anatomy, morphology, and ultrastructure are similar to those of wild-type mice. Perineuronal nets surrounding neurons appear largely normal. Mild deficits in synaptic plasticity may exist, as maintenance of late-phase hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced. These data indicate that neurocan has either a redundant or a more subtle function in the development of the brain.

Atlas of Confocal Laser Scanning In-vivo Microscopy in Ophthalmology

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf F. Guthoff ◽  
Christophe Baudouin ◽  
Joachim Stave
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
In Vivo Microscopy

Vacuoles Induced in Mammalian Cells by Helicobacter Cytotoxin are Acidic Organelles

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
M. H. Chestnut ◽  
C. E. Catrenich
Keyword(s):  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disease ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori is a non-invasive, Gram-negative spiral bacterium first identified in 1983, and subsequently implicated in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal disease including gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Cytotoxic activity, manifested by intracytoplasmic vacuolation of mammalian cells in vitro, was identified in 55% of H. pylori strains examined. The vacuoles increase in number and size during extended incubation, resulting in vacuolar and cellular degeneration after 24 h to 48 h. Vacuolation of gastric epithelial cells is also observed in vivo during infection by H. pylori. A high molecular weight, heat labile protein is believed to be responsible for vacuolation and to significantly contribute to the development of gastroduodenal disease in humans. The mechanism by which the cytotoxin exerts its effect is unknown, as is the intracellular origin of the vacuolar membrane and contents. Acridine orange is a membrane-permeant weak base that initially accumulates in low-pH compartments. We have used acridine orange accumulation in conjunction with confocal laser scanning microscopy of toxin-treated cells to begin probing the nature and origin of these vacuoles.

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