Three-Dimensional Alignment of Schwann Cells Using Hydrolysable Microfiber Scaffolds: Strategies for Peripheral Nerve Repair

2010 ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Murray-Dunning ◽  
Sally L. McArthur ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Rob McKean ◽  
Anthony J. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair

Sensory recovery after cell therapy in peripheral nerve repair: effects of naïve and skin precursor-derived Schwann cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antos Shakhbazau ◽  
Chandan Mohanty ◽  
Ranjan Kumar ◽  
Rajiv Midha
Keyword(s):  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair ◽  
Sensory Recovery ◽  
Microsurgical Techniques

Object Cell therapy is a promising candidate among biological or technological innovations sought to augment microsurgical techniques in peripheral nerve repair. This report describes long-term functional regenerative effects of cell therapy in the rat injury model with a focus on sensory recovery. Methods Schwann cells were derived from isogenic nerve or skin precursor cells and injected into the transected and immediately repaired sciatic nerve distal to the injury site. Sensory recovery was assessed at weeks 4, 7, and 10. Axonal regeneration was assessed at Week 11. Results By Week 10, thermal sensitivity in cell therapy groups returned to a level indistinguishable from the baseline (p > 0.05). Immunohistochemistry at 11 weeks after injury showed improved regeneration of NF+ and IB4+ axons. Conclusions: The results of this study show that cell therapy significantly improves thermal sensation and the number of regenerated sensory neurons at 11 weeks after injury. These findings contribute to the view of skin-derived stem cells as a reliable source of Schwann cells with therapeutic potential for functional recovery in damaged peripheral nerve.

scholarly journals The effect of co-transplantation of nerve fibroblasts and Schwann cells on peripheral nerve repair

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1507-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Gangyang Wang ◽  
Lulu Chen ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair

scholarly journals Insights Into the Role and Potential of Schwann Cells for Peripheral Nerve Repair From Studies of Development and Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Balakrishnan ◽  
Lauren Belfiore ◽  
Tak-Ho Chu ◽  
Taylor Fleming ◽  
Rajiv Midha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Repair Capacity ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair ◽  
Cell Replacement

Peripheral nerve injuries arising from trauma or disease can lead to sensory and motor deficits and neuropathic pain. Despite the purported ability of the peripheral nerve to self-repair, lifelong disability is common. New molecular and cellular insights have begun to reveal why the peripheral nerve has limited repair capacity. The peripheral nerve is primarily comprised of axons and Schwann cells, the supporting glial cells that produce myelin to facilitate the rapid conduction of electrical impulses. Schwann cells are required for successful nerve regeneration; they partially “de-differentiate” in response to injury, re-initiating the expression of developmental genes that support nerve repair. However, Schwann cell dysfunction, which occurs in chronic nerve injury, disease, and aging, limits their capacity to support endogenous repair, worsening patient outcomes. Cell replacement-based therapeutic approaches using exogenous Schwann cells could be curative, but not all Schwann cells have a “repair” phenotype, defined as the ability to promote axonal growth, maintain a proliferative phenotype, and remyelinate axons. Two cell replacement strategies are being championed for peripheral nerve repair: prospective isolation of “repair” Schwann cells for autologous cell transplants, which is hampered by supply challenges, and directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells or lineage conversion of accessible somatic cells to induced Schwann cells, with the potential of “unlimited” supply. All approaches require a solid understanding of the molecular mechanisms guiding Schwann cell development and the repair phenotype, which we review herein. Together these studies provide essential context for current efforts to design glial cell-based therapies for peripheral nerve regeneration.

scholarly journals The prion protein is not required for peripheral nerve repair after crush injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Henzi ◽  
Adriano Aguzzi
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Prion Protein ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Cellular Prion Protein ◽  
Crush Injury ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Crush ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair

AbstractThe cellular prion protein (PrP) is essential to the long-term maintenance of myelin sheaths in peripheral nerves. PrP activates the adhesion G-protein coupled receptor Adgrg6 on Schwann cells and initiates a pro-myelination cascade of molecular signals. Because Adgrg6 is crucial for peripheral myelin development and regeneration after nerve injury, we investigated the role of PrP in peripheral nerve repair. We performed experimental sciatic nerve crush injuries in co-isogenic wild-type and PrP-deficient mice, and examined peripheral nerve repair processes. Generation of repair Schwann cells, macrophage recruitment and remyelination were similar in PrP-deficient and wild-type mice. We conclude that PrP is dispensable for sciatic nerve regeneration after crush injury. Adgrg6 may sustain its function in peripheral nerve repair independently of its activation by PrP.

Early regenerative effects of NGF-transduced Schwann cells in peripheral nerve repair

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antos Shakhbazau ◽  
Jean Kawasoe ◽  
Stefan A. Hoyng ◽  
Ranjan Kumar ◽  
Jan van Minnen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair

scholarly journals The prion protein is not required for peripheral nerve de- and remyelination after crush injury

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245944
Author(s):  
Anna Henzi ◽  
Adriano Aguzzi
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Prion Protein ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Cellular Prion Protein ◽  
Crush Injury ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Crush ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair

The cellular prion protein (PrP) is essential to the long-term maintenance of myelin sheaths in peripheral nerves. PrP activates the adhesion G-protein coupled receptor Adgrg6 on Schwann cells and initiates a pro-myelination cascade of molecular signals. Because Adgrg6 is crucial for peripheral myelin development and regeneration after nerve injury, we investigated the role of PrP in peripheral nerve repair. We performed experimental sciatic nerve crush injuries in co-isogenic wild-type and PrP-deficient mice, and examined peripheral nerve repair processes. Generation of repair Schwann cells, macrophage recruitment and remyelination were similar in PrP-deficient and wild-type mice. We conclude that PrP is dispensable for sciatic nerve de- and remyelination after crush injury. Adgrg6 may sustain its function in peripheral nerve repair independently of its activation by PrP.

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