Characterization of Plant Virus-Encoded Gene Silencing Suppressors

2012 ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Yaegashi ◽  
Masamichi Isogai ◽  
Nobuyuki Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Plant Virus

scholarly journals Epigenetic Changes in Host Ribosomal DNA Promoter Induced by an Asymptomatic Plant Virus Infection

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miryam Pérez-Cañamás ◽  
Elizabeth Hevia ◽  
Carmen Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Cytosine Methylation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Methylation Pattern ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
The Impact

DNA cytosine methylation is one of the main epigenetic mechanisms in higher eukaryotes and is considered to play a key role in transcriptional gene silencing. In plants, cytosine methylation can occur in all sequence contexts (CG, CHG, and CHH), and its levels are controlled by multiple pathways, including de novo methylation, maintenance methylation, and demethylation. Modulation of DNA methylation represents a potentially robust mechanism to adjust gene expression following exposure to different stresses. However, the potential involvement of epigenetics in plant-virus interactions has been scarcely explored, especially with regard to RNA viruses. Here, we studied the impact of a symptomless viral infection on the epigenetic status of the host genome. We focused our attention on the interaction between Nicotiana benthamiana and Pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV, family Tombusviridae), and analyzed cytosine methylation in the repetitive genomic element corresponding to ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Through a combination of bisulfite sequencing and RT-qPCR, we obtained data showing that PLPV infection gives rise to a reduction in methylation at CG sites of the rDNA promoter. Such a reduction correlated with an increase and decrease, respectively, in the expression levels of some key demethylases and of MET1, the DNA methyltransferase responsible for the maintenance of CG methylation. Hypomethylation of rDNA promoter was associated with a five-fold augmentation of rRNA precursor levels. The PLPV protein p37, reported as a suppressor of post-transcriptional gene silencing, did not lead to the same effects when expressed alone and, thus, it is unlikely to act as suppressor of transcriptional gene silencing. Collectively, the results suggest that PLPV infection as a whole is able to modulate host transcriptional activity through changes in the cytosine methylation pattern arising from misregulation of methyltransferases/demethylases balance.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of a structural epitope that is largely conserved among severe isolates of a plant virus.

1993 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 3641-3644 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Pappu ◽  
S. S. Pappu ◽  
K. L. Manjunath ◽  
R. F. Lee ◽  
C. L. Niblett
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Plant Virus

Biochemical Characterization of Compatible Plant Virus Interaction: A Case Study with Bunchy Top Virus-Banana Host-Pathosystem

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Anuradha ◽  
R. Selvarajan ◽  
S. Vasantha ◽  
G.S. Suresha
Keyword(s):  
Plant Virus ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Virus Interaction

scholarly journals Dark Green Islands in Plant Virus Infection are the Result of Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn J. Moore ◽  
Paul W. Sutherland ◽  
Richard L. S. Forster ◽  
Richard C. Gardner ◽  
Robin M. MacDiarmid
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
Infected Tissue ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Yellow Virus ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Heterologous Virus ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Dark green islands (DGIs) are a common symptom of plants systemically infected with a mosaic virus. DGIs are clusters of green leaf cells that are free of virus but surrounded by yellow, virus-infected tissue. We report here on two lines of evidence showing that DGIs are caused by posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS). First, transcripts of a transgene derived from the coat protein of Tamarillo mosaic potyvirus (TaMV) were reduced in DGIs relative to adjacent yellow tissues when the plants were infected with TaMV. Second, nontransgenic plants coinfected with TaMV and a heterologous virus vector carrying TaMV sequences showed reduced titers of the vector in DGIs compared with surrounding tissues. DGIs also were compared with recovered tissue at the top of transgenic plants because recovery has been shown previously to involve PTGS. Cytological analysis of the cells at the junction between recovered and infected tissue was undertaken. The interface between recovered and infected cells had very similar features to that surrounding DGIs. We conclude that DGIs and recovery are related phenomena, differing in their ability to amplify or transport the silencing signal.

scholarly journals Surface characterization of the thermal remodeling helical plant virus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e0216905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Ksenofontov ◽  
Natalia V. Fedorova ◽  
Gennady A. Badun ◽  
Marina V. Serebryakova ◽  
Nikolai A. Nikitin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Virus ◽  
Surface Characterization
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