scholarly journals Injury Assessment, Documentation, and Interpretation

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jason Payne-James ◽  
Margaret M. Stark ◽  
Maria Nittis ◽  
Douglas R. Sheasby
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Doettl

It has been widely accepted that the assessment of balance after concussion plays a large role in determining deficit. Qualitative balance assessments have been an established piece of the post-injury assessment as a clinical behavioral marker of concussion for many years. Recently more specific guidelines outlining the role of balance evaluation in concussion identification and management have been developed as part of concussion management tools. As part of the ongoing development of concussions protocols, quantitative assessment of balance function following concussion has also been identified to have an important role. Frequently imbalance and dizziness reported following concussion is assumed to be associated with post-concussion syndrome (PCS). While imbalance and dizziness are common complaints in PCS, they can also be a sign of additional underlying pathology. In cases of specific dizziness symptoms or limited balance recovery beyond the initial post-concussive period, a quantitative vestibular assessment may also be needed. Electronystagmography and videonystagmography (ENG/VNG), rotary chair testing (RCT), and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) have all been identified as valid assessment tools for vestibular dysfunction following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The assessment of balance and dizziness following sports-related concussions is an integral piece of the puzzle for removal from play, assessment of severity, and management.


2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Stuhmiller ◽  
Bryant L. Sih ◽  
Weixin Shen ◽  
Kofi Amankwah ◽  
Charles Negus

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Stuhmiller ◽  
Weixin Shen

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Somers ◽  
Bradley Granderson ◽  
John W. Melvin ◽  
Ala Tabiei ◽  
Charles Lawrence ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Gardner ◽  
Grant Iverson ◽  
Suzi Edwards ◽  
Ross Tucker

Abstract Background The tackle is the in-game activity carrying the greatest risk for concussion in Rugby. A recent evaluation of tackle characteristics in Rugby Union precipitated a rule modification to reduce head impact risk during tackles. This study aims to replicate the work conducted in Rugby Union by examining the association between tackle characteristics and head injury events in professional Rugby League. Methods We reviewed and coded 446 tackles resulting in a head injury assessment (HIA) and 5,694 tackles that did not result in a head injury from two National Rugby League (NRL) seasons. Tackle height, body position of players, and contact area on an opponent’s body were evaluated, with the propensity of each situation to cause an HIA calculated as HIAs per 1000 events. Results The propensity for tacklers to sustain a head injury was 0.99 HIAs per 1000 tackles, 1.74-fold greater than for the ball carrier (0.57 HIAs per 1,000 tackles). There was a 3.2-fold higher risk for an HIA when the tackler was upright compared to bent-at-the-waist. The greatest risk of a tackler HIA occurred when head contact was very low (knee, boot) or high (head and elbow). HIAs were most common following head-to-head impacts. The lowest propensity for tackler HIA was found when the tackler’s head was in proximity with the ball carrier’s torso. Conclusions The result of this study replicated the findings in professional rugby union. This has implications for the injury prevention initiatives implemented to reduce HIA risk because the majority of injuries are sustained by the player initiating the action.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Bolduc ◽  
Vilmar Villa ◽  
David J. Sandgren ◽  
G. David Ledney ◽  
William F. Blakely ◽  
...  

Multivariate radiation injury estimation algorithms were formulated for estimating severe hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) injury (i.e., response category three or RC3) in a rhesus monkey total-body irradiation (TBI) model. Classical CBC and serum chemistry blood parameters were examined prior to irradiation (d 0) and on d 7, 10, 14, 21, and 25 after irradiation involving 24 nonhuman primates (NHP) (Macaca mulatta) given 6.5-Gy60CoΥ-rays (0.4 Gy min−1) TBI. A correlation matrix was formulated with the RC3 severity level designated as the “dependent variable” and independent variables down selected based on their radioresponsiveness and relatively low multicollinearity using stepwise-linear regression analyses. Final candidate independent variables included CBC counts (absolute number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets) in formulating the “CBC” RC3 estimation algorithm. Additionally, the formulation of a diagnostic CBC and serum chemistry “CBC-SCHEM” RC3 algorithm expanded upon the CBC algorithm model with the addition of hematocrit and the serum enzyme levels of aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Both algorithms estimated RC3 with over 90% predictive power. Only the CBC-SCHEM RC3 algorithm, however, met the critical three assumptions of linear least squares demonstrating slightly greater precision for radiation injury estimation, but with significantly decreased prediction error indicating increased statistical robustness.


2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J Tierney ◽  
Karl Denvir ◽  
Garreth Farrell ◽  
Ciaran K Simms

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