Agile-Based Product Line Tool Development

Financial Planning and Forecasting is the estimation of value of a variable or set of variables at some future point. A Financial forecasting exercise is usually carried out in order to provide an aid to decision – making and planning of any line of business for future developments. This paper focuses insurance segments and tailored all the key areas of attention are such as assets, liabilities, marketing, human resources, expenditures, digitalization and technology inclusion, etc., all in one term called as wealth maximization. Financial planning and forecasting represents a blueprint of what a firm proposes to do in the future. So, naturally planning over such horizon tends to be fairly in aggregative terms. We need to focus on common elements which include economic assumptions, target forecast, proforma statements, asset requirements and the mode of financing the investments and so on. A financial plan can also be an investment plan, which allocates savings to various assets or projects expected to produce future income, such as a new business or product line, shares in an existing business. Financial forecast and financial plan can also refer to an annual projection of income and expenses for a company, division or department. This can also be an estimation of cash needs and a decision on how to raise the funds, such as through borrowing or issuing additional shares in a company. Forecasting is also used by outsiders to value companies and their securities. This is the aggregative perspective of the whole firm, rather than looking at individual projects. Growth is a key theme behind financial forecasting, so growth should not be the underlying goal of corporation – creating shareholder value is enabled through corporate growth.

Download Full-text

Enhancing formative feedback in orthopaedic training: Development and implementation of a competency-based assessment framework

10.31234/osf.io/3pw68 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Natalie Wagner ◽

Anita Acai ◽

Sydney A. McQueen ◽

Com McCarthy ◽

Andrew McGuire ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Formative Feedback ◽

Assessment Practices ◽

Tool Development ◽

Assessment Framework ◽

Educational Impact ◽

Postgraduate Training Program ◽

Current Assessment ◽

Competency Based ◽

Orthopaedic Training

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of an assessment framework aimed at improving formative feedback practices in a Canadian orthopaedic postgraduate training program. Methods: Tool development began in 2014 and took place in 4 phases, each building upon the previous and informing the next. The reliability, validity, and educational impact of the tools were assessed on an ongoing basis, and changes were made accordingly. Results: One hundred eighty-two tools were completed and analyzed during the study period. Quantitative results suggested moderate to excellent agreement between raters (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.54-0.93), and an ability of the tools to discriminate between learners at different stages of training (p’s < 0.05). Qualitative data suggested that the tools improved both the quality and quantity of formative feedback given by assessors and had begun to foster a culture change around assessment in the program. Conclusions: The tool development, implementation, and evaluation processes detailed in this article can serve as a model for other training programs to consider as they move towards adopting competency-based approaches and refining current assessment practices.

Download Full-text