formative feedback
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Author(s):  
Alen Antoun ◽  
Faisal Al Rashid ◽  
Noura Alhassan ◽  
Carlos Gomez-Garibello ◽  
Julio F. Fiore ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
pp. 550-572
Author(s):  
Peter Rich ◽  
Samuel Frank Browning

This study investigated if using Dr. Scratch as a formative feedback tool would accelerate students' Computational Thinking (CT). Forty-one 4th-6th grade students participated in a 1-hour/week Scratch workshop for nine weeks. We measured pre- and posttest results of the computational thinking test (CTt) between control (n = 18) and treatment groups (n = 23) using three methods: propensity score matching (treatment = .575; control = .607; p = .696), information maximum likelihood technique (treatment effect = -.09; p = .006), and multiple linear regression. Both groups demonstrated significantly increased posttest scores over their pretest (treatment = +8.31%; control = +5.43%), showing that learning to code can increase computational thinking over a 2-month period. In this chapter, we discuss the implications of using Dr. Scratch as a formative feedback tool the possibilities of further research on the use of automatic feedback tools in teaching elementary computational thinking.


2022 ◽  
pp. 194-213
Author(s):  
Julie Thompson Keane ◽  
Mark Otter ◽  
Jane Violette

This chapter follows the journey of Participate, and diverse organizations within its platform, utilizing a peer review micro-credential system through adult learner research, product development, and design iterations. Throughout the past eight years, Participate has developed and tested various peer review structures where learners and reviewers leverage chat functionality to provide real-time formative feedback and collaborate to build new ideas together throughout the micro-credential, not just at the end in summative review. This chapter covers the evolution of the design and development of digital credentials to support social learning, provide evidence of competencies and impact, and create the foundation for reputation building and trust in an online community of practice (CoP).


2021 ◽  
pp. 163-184
Author(s):  
Rebecca Gregory ◽  
Jessica Norledge ◽  
Peter Stockwell ◽  
Paweł Szudarski
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Prema Shoba Perumanathan

<p>This study explores the interplay between teachers’ beliefs and practices in understanding and implementing formative assessment and feedback to enhance student learning. Particularly, it explores teachers’ conceptions of effective formative feedback strategies, and the role they should play in their classroom practice. The context for this investigation was writing lessons in three primary classrooms, and included examination of three cases of primary teachers in the greater Wellington Region, New Zealand. Sadler’s (1989) theory of effective formative assessment and feedback provided the theoretical framework informing both data collection method and the analysis of data. Analysis of classroom observations, teaching documents and field notes revealed that teachers have adopted many strategies associated with good feedback practice. It was revealed, however, that the influence of teachers’ beliefs in the implementation and enactment of formative feedback and the interplay of their beliefs and practices affected their practices. These teachers’ conception and beliefs on how formative feedback should be practiced varied, as did their assumptions about their students’ abilities. These inconsistencies were further influenced by a range of contextual factors, including the diversity of students’ needs, differing collegial support, the structure of school writing programmes, teachers’ limited professional development and/or learning about formative assessment and feedback, and teachers’ learning having been undertaken in an era that favoured behaviourist practices. This research revealed the need for the provision of ongoing professional learning and development in writing instructions and formative assessment and feedback strategies. This would address the apparent inconsistencies between teachers’ conceptions and beliefs regarding effective formative assessment and feedback and their practices. As a result, this would help to promote Sadler’s (1989) formative assessment and feedback strategies to achieve more effective classroom teaching and learning practice. Implications for teachers, schools and professional learning and development are outlined and suggestions for further research included.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Prema Shoba Perumanathan

<p>This study explores the interplay between teachers’ beliefs and practices in understanding and implementing formative assessment and feedback to enhance student learning. Particularly, it explores teachers’ conceptions of effective formative feedback strategies, and the role they should play in their classroom practice. The context for this investigation was writing lessons in three primary classrooms, and included examination of three cases of primary teachers in the greater Wellington Region, New Zealand. Sadler’s (1989) theory of effective formative assessment and feedback provided the theoretical framework informing both data collection method and the analysis of data. Analysis of classroom observations, teaching documents and field notes revealed that teachers have adopted many strategies associated with good feedback practice. It was revealed, however, that the influence of teachers’ beliefs in the implementation and enactment of formative feedback and the interplay of their beliefs and practices affected their practices. These teachers’ conception and beliefs on how formative feedback should be practiced varied, as did their assumptions about their students’ abilities. These inconsistencies were further influenced by a range of contextual factors, including the diversity of students’ needs, differing collegial support, the structure of school writing programmes, teachers’ limited professional development and/or learning about formative assessment and feedback, and teachers’ learning having been undertaken in an era that favoured behaviourist practices. This research revealed the need for the provision of ongoing professional learning and development in writing instructions and formative assessment and feedback strategies. This would address the apparent inconsistencies between teachers’ conceptions and beliefs regarding effective formative assessment and feedback and their practices. As a result, this would help to promote Sadler’s (1989) formative assessment and feedback strategies to achieve more effective classroom teaching and learning practice. Implications for teachers, schools and professional learning and development are outlined and suggestions for further research included.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afzaal ◽  
Jalal Nouri ◽  
Aayesha Zia ◽  
Panagiotis Papapetrou ◽  
Uno Fors ◽  
...  

Formative feedback has long been recognised as an effective tool for student learning, and researchers have investigated the subject for decades. However, the actual implementation of formative feedback practices is associated with significant challenges because it is highly time-consuming for teachers to analyse students’ behaviours and to formulate and deliver effective feedback and action recommendations to support students’ regulation of learning. This paper proposes a novel approach that employs learning analytics techniques combined with explainable machine learning to provide automatic and intelligent feedback and action recommendations that support student’s self-regulation in a data-driven manner, aiming to improve their performance in courses. Prior studies within the field of learning analytics have predicted students’ performance and have used the prediction status as feedback without explaining the reasons behind the prediction. Our proposed method, which has been developed based on LMS data from a university course, extends this approach by explaining the root causes of the predictions and by automatically providing data-driven intelligent recommendations for action. Based on the proposed explainable machine learning-based approach, a dashboard that provides data-driven feedback and intelligent course action recommendations to students is developed, tested and evaluated. Based on such an evaluation, we identify and discuss the utility and limitations of the developed dashboard. According to the findings of the conducted evaluation, the dashboard improved students’ learning outcomes, assisted them in self-regulation and had a positive effect on their motivation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
I. V. Nikitin ◽  
A. K. Belolutskaya

Although assessment is integral to education, it is quite uncommon to be a focal point of complex educational innovations. Unlike schools, which employ a range of continuous formative assessment procedures, universities commonly rely on summative methods that are likely to be discrete and reluctant to students’ needs and experiences. Based on the study of 20 foreign and Russian research papers, this article analyzes the formative assessment practices that are found to be employed in universities. The analysis provides the results that shows the gaps between formative assessment concepts employed by Russian and English-writing authors. The study concludes that the two conceptualizations differ most prominently in how formativesummative procedures are divided, the formative feedback is accomplished, and participativity is provided.


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