scholarly journals QR Code Watermarking for Digital Images

Author(s):  
Yang-Wai Chow ◽  
Willy Susilo ◽  
Joonsang Baek ◽  
Jongkil Kim
Keyword(s):  

This paper proposed a Quick response code (QR code) based strategy to provide authentication to our digital images. Quick response code is used to provide protection to digital images because of its important characteristics like detection from direction and large data encoding capacity. First of all, Least Significant Bit (LSB) approach is applied on the original image to select LSBs from each block of the image. Next, LSB image is partitioned into sized blocks and mean is calculated for each block of the cell. Then Singular Value Decomposition function is performed on this cell to get singular values which are used as authentication data. After that QR Code generator is used to generate QR code matrix from these singular values. And finally this code is inserted into MSBs to get an authenticated image. Experimental result shows that proposed method produces images with good quality.


2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Ciążyński ◽  
Anna Fabijańska

Abstract This paper considers the problem of QR codes detection in digital images. In particular, the approach for detection of QR codes is proposed. The approach is based on histogram correlation between the reference image of QR code and the input image. In particular the input image is firstly divided into blocks. These are next used to build binary map of regions similar and dissimilar in terms of histogram to the image of QR code. On the binary map the morphological operations are next applied in order to remove outliers and identify the QR code. The results of applying the introduced approach to various images are presented and discussed. Different lighting conditions, image resolutions and orientations of QR codes are considered.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Xuecheng Gong ◽  
Wanggen Li ◽  
Wang Jing

Digital watermark technology hides copyright information in digital images, effectively protecting the copyright of digital images. At present, the color image digital watermarking algorithm still has defects such as the inability to balance robustness, invisibility and the weak anti-attack ability. Aiming at the above problems, this paper studies the digital watermarking method based on discrete wavelet transform and discrete cosine transform. Then this paper proposes a color image blind digital watermarking algorithm based on QR code. First, convert the color image from RGB space to YCbCr space, extract the Y component and perform the second-level discrete wavelet transform. secondly, block the LL2 subband and perform the discrete cosine transform. finally, use the embedding method to convert the watermark information after the Arnold transform embedded in the block. The experimental results show that the PSNR of the color image embedded with the QR code is 56.7159 without being attacked. After being attacked, its PSNR and NC values are respectively 30dB and 0.95 or more, which proves that the algorithm has good robustness and can achieve watermarking blind extraction.


1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Versteeg ◽  
G C H Sanderink ◽  
S R Lobach ◽  
P F van der Stelt

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Gotfredsen ◽  
J Kragskov ◽  
A Wenzel
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
D. P. Gangwar ◽  
Anju Pathania

This work presents a robust analysis of digital images to detect the modifications/ morphing/ editing signs by using the image’s exif metadata, thumbnail, camera traces, image markers, Huffman codec and Markers, Compression signatures etc. properties. The details of the whole methodology and findings are described in the present work. The main advantage of the methodology is that the whole analysis has been done by using software/tools which are easily available in open sources.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-210
Author(s):  
Erin Nunoda

This article examines YouTube videos (primarily distributed by a user named Cecil Robert) that document so-called dead malls: unpopulated, unproductive, but not necessarily demolished consumerist sites that have proliferated in the wake of the 2008 recession. These works link digital images of mall interiors with pop-song remixes so as to re-create the experience of hearing a track while standing within the empty space; manipulating the songs’ audio frequencies heightens echo effects and fosters an impression of ghostly dislocation. This article argues that these videos locate a potentiality in abandoned mall spaces for the exploration of queer (non)relations. It suggests that the videos’ emphasis on lonely, unconsummated intimacies questions circuitous visions of the public sphere, participatory dynamics online, and the presumably conservative biopolitics (both at its height and in its memorialization) of mall architecture.


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