scholarly journals Climate Change and Variability on Food Security of Rural Household: Central Highlands, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Argaw Tesfaye ◽  
Arragaw Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Central Highlands

scholarly journals Climate Change and Variability on Food Security of Rural Household: Central Highlands, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 379-395
Author(s):  
Argaw Tesfaye ◽  
Arragaw Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Case Study Site ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Context Specific

AbstractThis chapter analyzes the impact of climate change and variability on food security of rural households in the central highlands of Ethiopia taking Basona Werana district as a case study site. Data were obtained from 123 households selected using simple random sampling from three agro ecological zones. Key informant interviews and focus group discussion (FDG) were used to supplement the data obtained from household survey. The monthly rainfall and temperature data are for 56 points of 10 × 10 km grids reconstructed from weather stations and meteorological satellite observations, which cover the period between 1983 and 2016. Standardized rainfall anomaly (SRA), linear regression (LR), and coefficient of variation (CV) are used to examine inter-annual and intra-annual variability of rainfall. Annual and seasonal rainfalls show decreasing trends over the period of observation. The decreasing trends in annual and March–May (Belg) rainfall totals exhibit statically significant decreasing trends at p = 0.05 level. Kiremt (June–September) shows statically significant decreasing trends at p = 0.1 level. Mean annual maximum and minimum temperatures show statically significant increasing trends at p = 0.05 level. More than 80% of households perceived that the climate is changing and their livelihoods (crop and livestock production) are impacted. The district belongs to one of the most vulnerable areas to climate change and variability in the country where large proportions of households (62%) are under different food insecurity classes. Results suggest that local level investigations are useful in developing context-specific climate change adaptation.

The role of ecosystem services in enhancing climate change resilience of local communities: the case of Ngarambe-Tapika Wildlife Management Area, Rufiji district, Tanzania.

2020 ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Richard J.M. Katondo ◽  
Agnes M.S. Nyomora
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Management Area ◽  
Climate Change Resilience

Abstract This study examined the role of ecosystem services in enhancing climate change resilience of local communities in Ngarambe-Tapika Wildlife Management Area (WMA). The study aimed to identify forms of ecosystem services that can be gained from conservation of a WMA in relation to climate change adaptation. The design for this study adopted both a quantitative and a qualitative research approach. The study was undertaken in Ngarambe-Tapika WMA located between latitude 39° S and 39°30' S and between longitude 12°30' E and 13° E. It is located alongside the north-eastern border of the Selous Game Reserve. The area is also the home of local people whose lifestyles and livelihoods are intricately tied to the biological diversity and the functioning of this natural system. Purposive sampling was employed in selecting respondents for the household questionnaire, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. This study found that income obtained from Ngarambe-Tapika ecosystems by the communities were invested in material welfare and livelihoods that enhance resilience to climate change, primarily social services (54.9%) such as construction of houses, dispensaries and rehabilitation of the primary schools, and some of the money was spent on electricity provision for the community and energy for light and water pumps. Other benefits included employment (16.5%), protection from dangerous and problematic wildlife (14.3%) and petty business (14.3%). Generally, in Ngarambe-Tapika WMA there is a need to emphasize conservation awareness and extension programmes which advocate sustainable utilization of wildlife resources, and adopt an integrated approach of climate-smart agriculture to address the challenges related to food insecurity and climate change and variability. The latter would enable increased agricultural productivity to support equitable increases in farm incomes, improve food security and build resilience of agricultural and food security systems to adapt to climate change and variability.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Climate Change, Variability, and Food Security: Understanding the Impacts and Building Resilient Food Systems in West Pokot County, Kenya

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Everlyne B. Obwocha ◽  
Joshua J. Ramisch ◽  
Lalisa Duguma ◽  
Levi Orero
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
West Pokot ◽  
The Mean

This study integrated local and scientific knowledge to assess the impacts of climate change and variability on food security in West Pokot County, Kenya from 1980–2012. It characterized rainfall and temperature from 1980–2011 and the phenology of agricultural vegetation, assessed land use and land cover (LULC) changes, and surveyed local knowledge and perceptions of the relationships between climate change and variability, land use decisions, and food (in)security. The 124 respondents were aware of long-term changes in their environment, with 68% strongly believing that climate has become more variable. The majority of the respondents (88%) reported declining rainfall and rising temperatures, with respondents in the lowland areas reporting shortened growing seasons that affected food production. Meteorological data for 1980–2011 confirmed high inter-annual rainfall variability around the mean value of 973.4 mm/yr but with no notable trend. Temperature data showed an increasing trend between 1980 and 2012 with lowlands and highlands showing changes of +1.25 °C and +1.29 °C, respectively. Land use and land cover changes between 1984 and 2010 showed cropland area increased by +4176% (+33,138 ha), while grassland and forest areas declined by –49% (–96,988 ha) and –38% (–65,010 ha), respectively. These area changes illustrate human-mediated responses to the rainfall variability, such as increased stocking after good rainfall years and crop area expansion. The mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values ranged from 0.36–0.54 within a year, peaking in May and September. For weather-related planning, respondents relied on radio (64%) and traditional forecasters (26%) as predominant information sources. Supporting continuous climate change monitoring, intensified early warning systems, and disseminating relevant information to farmers could help farmers adopt appropriate adaptation strategies.

Gender, weather shocks and food security: empirical evidence from Uganda.

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-55
Author(s):  
F. Mwesigye
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Weather Shocks ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Sector Performance ◽  
Female Headed Households

Abstract Following an overview of agricultural sector performance, climate change, and variability in Uganda, this chapter presents a study examining the food security effects of weather shocks by gender in the country. The results show that the incidence of food insecurity increases with an increase in all measures of weather shocks (drought, floods, and irregular rains). In addition, the findings reveal that female-headed households are more vulnerable to climate change than male-headed households and hence are most likely to suffer from food insecurity. The results also show that refugees and rural households are more prone to food insecurity than national- and urban-based households.

scholarly journals Implications of climate change and variability on food security in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (34) ◽  
pp. 1761-1770
Author(s):  
Nambuya Musebe Irene ◽  
Edriss Abdi-Khalil ◽  
Billy Maonga Beston ◽  
Tchale Harwick ◽  
Mbogo Steven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Climate Change And Variability
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