The First Law of Thermodynamics for Closed Systems: Thermal Equilibrium, the Ideal Gas, and Sample Problem

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Daniel Blankschtein
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Equilibrium ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Sample Problem ◽  
First Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
The Ideal

Elementary derivation of the ideal gas pressure

1975 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-110
Author(s):  
Mitja Kregar
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Elementary Derivation ◽  
The Ideal

Making sense of sensemaking: using the sensemaking epistemic game to investigate student discourse during a collaborative gas law activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin H. Hunter ◽  
Jon-Marc G. Rodriguez ◽  
Nicole M. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Interactive Simulation ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Student Discourse ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Ideal Gas Law ◽  
The Ideal

Beyond students’ ability to manipulate variables and solve problems, chemistry instructors are also interested in students developing a deeper conceptual understanding of chemistry, that is, engaging in the process of sensemaking. The concept of sensemaking transcends problem-solving and focuses on students recognizing a gap in knowledge and working to construct an explanation that resolves this gap, leading them to “make sense” of a concept. Here, we focus on adapting and applying sensemaking as a framework to analyze three groups of students working through a collaborative gas law activity. The activity was designed around the learning cycle to aid students in constructing the ideal gas law using an interactive simulation. For this analysis, we characterized student discourse using the structural components of the sensemaking epistemic game using a deductive coding scheme. Next, we further analyzed students’ epistemic form by assessing features of the activity and student discourse related to sensemaking: whether the question was framed in a real-world context, the extent of student engagement in robust explanation building, and analysis of written scientific explanations. Our work provides further insight regarding the application and use of the sensemaking framework for analyzing students’ problem solving by providing a framework for inferring the depth with which students engage in the process of sensemaking.

The combined effect of lattice’s uniaxial strains and electron–phonon interaction’s screening on TBEC of the intersite bipolarons

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (26) ◽  
pp. 1650186
Author(s):  
B. Yavidov ◽  
SH. Djumanov ◽  
T. Saparbaev ◽  
O. Ganiyev ◽  
S. Zholdassova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Einstein Condensation ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Electron Phonon Interaction ◽  
Model Lattice ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
The Ideal

Having accepted a more generalized form for density-displacement type electron–phonon interaction (EPI) force we studied the simultaneous effect of uniaxial strains and EPI’s screening on the temperature of Bose–Einstein condensation [Formula: see text] of the ideal gas of intersite bipolarons. [Formula: see text] of the ideal gas of intersite bipolarons is calculated as a function of both strain and screening radius for a one-dimensional chain model of cuprates within the framework of Extended Holstein–Hubbard model. It is shown that the chain model lattice comprises the essential features of cuprates regarding of strain and screening effects on transition temperature [Formula: see text] of superconductivity. The obtained values of strain derivatives of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] are in qualitative agreement with the experimental values of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] of La[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text]CuO4 under moderate screening regimes.

Visualization of the ideal gas equation

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hellemans
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Gas ◽  
The Ideal

SPIN-POLARIZED ATOMIC DEUTERIUM (↓D) IN THE STATIC FLUCTUATION APPROXIMATION (SFA)

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. SANDOUQA ◽  
B. R. JOUDEH ◽  
M. K. AL-SUGHEIR ◽  
H. B. GHASSIB
Keyword(s):  
Ground State Energy ◽  
Ground State ◽  
State Energy ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Hard Sphere Model ◽  
Spin Polarized ◽  
Static Fluctuation Approximation ◽  
Static Fluctuation ◽  
Type Potential ◽  
The Ideal

Spin-polarized atomic deuterium (↓D) is investigated in the static fluctuation approximation with a Morse-type potential. The thermodynamic properties of the system are computed as functions of temperature. In addition, the ground-state energy per atom is calculated for the three species of ↓D : ↓D 1, ↓D 2, and ↓D 3. This is then compared to the corresponding ground-state energy per atom for the ideal gas, and to that obtained by the perturbation theory of the hard sphere model. It is deduced that ↓D is nearly ideal.

A Study of a Sharp 90 Degree Curved Flow

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Turbulence Model ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Dimensional Theory ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Algebraic Stress Model ◽  
Finite Difference Technique ◽  
Curved Tube ◽  
Kinetic Energy Loss ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract An investigation of air flow along a 90 degree elbow-like tube is conducted to determine the velocity and temperature distributions of the flow. The tube has a sharp 90 degree turn with a radius of curvature of almost zero. The flow is assumed to be a steady two-dimensional turbulent flow satisfying the ideal gas relation. The flow will be analyzed using a finite difference technique with the K-ε turbulence model, and the algebraic stress model (ASM). The FLUENT code was used to determine the parameter distributions in the passage. There are certain conditions for which the K-ε model does not describe the fluid phenomenon properly. For these conditions, an alternative turbulence model, the ASM with or without QUICK was employed. FLUENT has these models among its features. The results are compared with the result computed by using elementary one-dimensional theory including the kinetic energy loss along the passage of the sharp 90 degree curved tube.

Thermodynamic properties of three adamantanols in the ideal gas state

2003 ◽  
Vol 405 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B Charapennikau ◽  
A.V Blokhin ◽  
G.J Kabo ◽  
V.M Sevruk ◽  
A.P Krasulin
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
The Ideal

scholarly journals What can the ideal gas say about global pandemics? Reinterpreting the basic reproduction number

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley M Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Basic Reproduction Number ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Public Data ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number ◽  
The Ideal

Through analysis of the ideal gas, we construct a random walk that on average matches the standard susceptible-infective-removed (SIR) model. We show that the most widely referenced parameter, the 'basic reproduction number' (R0), is fundamentally connected to the relative odds of increasing or decreasing the infectives population. As a consequence, for R0 > 1 the probability that no outbreak occurs is 1/R0. In stark contrast to a deterministic SIR, when R0 = 1.5 the random walk has a 67% chance of avoiding outbreak. Thus, an alternative, probabilistic, interpretation of R0 arises, which provides a novel estimate of the critical population density γ/r without fitting SIR models. We demonstrate that SARS-CoV2 in the United States is consistent with our model and attempt an estimate of γ/r. In doing so, we uncover a significant source of bias in public data reporting. Data are aggregated on political boundaries, which bear no concern for dispersion of population density. We show that this introduces bias in fits and parameter estimates, a concern for understanding fundamental virus parameters and for policy making. Anonymized data at the resolution required for contact tracing would afford access to γ/r without fitting. The random walk SIR developed here highlights the intuition that any epidemic is stochastic and recovers all the key parameter values noted by Kermack and McKendrick in 1927.

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