Neural Decoding of Attentional Selection in Multi-speaker Environments Without Access to Clean Sources

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
James O’Sullivan ◽  
Zhuo Chen ◽  
Jose Herrero ◽  
Sameer A. Sheth ◽  
Guy McKhann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Selection ◽  
Neural Decoding

scholarly journals Neural decoding of attentional selection in multi-speaker environments without access to clean sources

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 056001 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O’Sullivan ◽  
Zhuo Chen ◽  
Jose Herrero ◽  
Guy M McKhann ◽  
Sameer A Sheth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Selection ◽  
Neural Decoding

Toward Understanding the Role of Reward in Attentional Selection

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingxia FAN ◽  
Senqing Qi ◽  
Renlu GUO ◽  
Bo HUAGN ◽  
Dong YANG
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Selection

scholarly journals Mind-wandering Is Accompanied by Both Local Sleep and Enhanced Processes of Spatial Attention Allocation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Wienke ◽  
Mandy V Bartsch ◽  
Lena Vogelgesang ◽  
Christoph Reichert ◽  
Hermann Hinrichs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Search Task ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Attentional Selection ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cortical Processing ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Local Sleep

Abstract Mind-wandering (MW) is a subjective, cognitive phenomenon, in which thoughts move away from the task toward an internal train of thoughts, possibly during phases of neuronal sleep-like activity (local sleep, LS). MW decreases cortical processing of external stimuli and is assumed to decouple attention from the external world. Here, we directly tested how indicators of LS, cortical processing, and attentional selection change in a pop-out visual search task during phases of MW. Participants’ brain activity was recorded using magnetoencephalography, MW was assessed via self-report using randomly interspersed probes. As expected, the performance decreased under MW. Consistent with the occurrence of LS, MW was accompanied by a decrease in high-frequency activity (HFA, 80–150 Hz) and an increase in slow wave activity (SWA, 1–6 Hz). In contrast, visual attentional selection as indexed by the N2pc component was enhanced during MW with the N2pc amplitude being directly linked to participants’ performance. This observation clearly contradicts accounts of attentional decoupling that would predict a decrease in attention-related responses to external stimuli during MW. Together, our results suggest that MW occurs during phases of LS with processes of attentional target selection being upregulated, potentially to compensate for the mental distraction during MW.

scholarly journals Unc13A and Unc13B contribute to the decoding of distinct sensory information in Drosophila

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Pooryasin ◽  
Marta Maglione ◽  
Marco Schubert ◽  
Tanja Matkovic-Rachid ◽  
Sayed-mohammad Hasheminasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Information ◽  
Projection Neuron ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Neural Decoding ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Plasticity ◽  
Appetitive Stimuli ◽  
Excitatory Projection ◽  
Direct Genetic Evidence ◽  
Nanoscale Level

AbstractThe physical distance between presynaptic Ca2+ channels and the Ca2+ sensors triggering the release of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles regulates short-term plasticity (STP). While STP is highly diversified across synapse types, the computational and behavioral relevance of this diversity remains unclear. In the Drosophila brain, at nanoscale level, we can distinguish distinct coupling distances between Ca2+ channels and the (m)unc13 family priming factors, Unc13A and Unc13B. Importantly, coupling distance defines release components with distinct STP characteristics. Here, we show that while Unc13A and Unc13B both contribute to synaptic signalling, they play distinct roles in neural decoding of olfactory information at excitatory projection neuron (ePN) output synapses. Unc13A clusters closer to Ca2+ channels than Unc13B, specifically promoting fast phasic signal transfer. Reduction of Unc13A in ePNs attenuates responses to both aversive and appetitive stimuli, while reduction of Unc13B provokes a general shift towards appetitive values. Collectively, we provide direct genetic evidence that release components of distinct nanoscopic coupling distances differentially control STP to play distinct roles in neural decoding of sensory information.

scholarly journals Attentional selection of multiple objects in the human visual system

NeuroImage ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xilin Zhang ◽  
Nicole Mlynaryk ◽  
Shruti Japee ◽  
Leslie G. Ungerleider
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Human Visual System ◽  
Attentional Selection ◽  
Multiple Objects ◽  
Selection Of
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document