"Nécessité d'une orientation esthétique": Techniques of Development in the Music of Boulez

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-129
Author(s):  
Catherine Losada
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Compositional Process ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Compositional Approach ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Open Work ◽  
Additional Level ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The 1960S

The latter part of the 1950s saw a major change in Boulez's compositional approach: Instead of creating extensive pre-compositional sketches, he increasingly reused previously composed materials as the basis for new works. The shifting aesthetics that characterized this period had a significant influence on Boulez. His works from the late 1950s explore the ideas of mobility embedded in the open work. Balancing the concept of mobility with the ideals of control that form the basis of his compositional ideology led to an economy of means and an associated emphasis on the concept of development in his compositional process. Both facilitated the creation of new works from a more limited array of base materials.<br/> Tracing the concept of development in a sample of Boulez's sketches and works from the late 1950s through the 1960s, this essay presents a preliminary typology of recurring pitch and temporal developmental techniques. By taking a bird's-eye view, I add an additional level of interpretation, emphasizing their formal function, association with aspects of middleground structure and studying their implications in terms of perception. In this way, I present a new perspective on the association between these techniques and the practice of derivation from a limited amount of material that characterizes these works.

scholarly journals Perceived Fit and User Behavior in Activity-Based Work Environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 001391652199548
Author(s):  
Jan Gerard Hoendervanger ◽  
Nico W. Van Yperen ◽  
Mark P. Mobach ◽  
Casper J. Albers
Keyword(s):  
User Behavior ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Work Setting ◽  
Perceived Fit ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Study Experience ◽  
Open Work

While activity-based working is gaining popularity worldwide, research shows that workers frequently experience a misfit between the task at hand and their work setting. In the current study, experience sampling data were used to examine how perceived fit in activity-based work environments is related to user behavior (i.e., the use of work settings and setting-switching). We found that workers’ perceived fit was higher when they used closed rather than open work settings for individual high-concentration work. Furthermore, more frequent setting-switching was related to higher perceived fit. Unexpectedly, however, this relation was observed only among workers low in activity-switching. These findings indicate that user behavior may indeed be relevant to creating fit in activity-based work environments. To optimize workers’ perceived fit, it seems to be particularly important to facilitate and stimulate the use of closed work settings for individual high-concentration work.

"Open Work" One Step Further: From John Cage to John Zorn

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-217
Author(s):  
Oksana Nesterenko
Keyword(s):  
John Cage ◽  
One Step ◽  
Open Work

A Medieval Open Work

POETICA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 228-265
Author(s):  
Rafael Simian
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Umberto Eco ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Open Work ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
A Minor

Abstract Guigo II is commonly known and praised among specialists of Western mysticism for his Scala claustralium, a work that presents a spiritual program for cloistered monks. His Meditations, on the other hand, have usually been relegated to the margin of attention. The First Meditation, in particular, is generally regarded as a minor piece. The paper argues, however, that a new approach can make better sense of the First Meditation, while also enabling us to recognize its specific function and value. Seen from this new perspective, Guigo’s purpose with the text is to train and exercise his readers’ minds according to the spiritual program laid out in the Scala. The paper shows that the First Meditation realizes that goal, surprisingly, by having the same essential features that Umberto Eco found in the ‘open works’ of the Western avant-garde.

An Open-Work Bronze Disc in the Ashmolean Museum

1947 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Fox
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Open Work

The linear patterns on British mirrors and other bronzes show with what zest the Celtic craftsmen of the first centuries B.C. and A.D. copied and adapted the triquetral design in relief exemplified on the well-known bronze plaque from Llyn Cerrig Bach, Anglesey (fig. 1).On the other hand, the evidence for the continued use and development of this attractive asymmetric motif in plastic art is but slight, and any additional example of fine metalwork thus decorated is welcome.Such a specimen, an open-work disc in cast bronze, is here figured (pl. I). It is mentioned by our Fellow Mr. E. T. Leeds in his Celtic Ornament (p. 56), and this led the writer to ask our Fellow Mr. D. B. Harden, Keeper of Antiquities at the Ashmolean Museum, for facilities for its study, and thereafter for permission to publish, both requests being readily granted. The Museum number is N.C. 448. The disc appears, Mr. Harden tells me, in a catalogue of c. 1879–80, at which time, apparently, its origin and date of accession were unknown, as they were left blank in the catalogue.

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