Safety, Design and Law: A New Interdisciplinary Approach to Bicycle Rider Road Safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-101
Author(s):  
Robbie Napper ◽  
Marilyn Johnson ◽  
Vanessa Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Bicycle Rider

scholarly journals Use of the Safe System Assessment Framework as a Safety Key Performance Indicator

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Brayden McHeim ◽  
Ben Matters ◽  
Lisa Steinmetz ◽  
Blair Turner
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
System Assessment ◽  
Safety Metrics ◽  
Insight Into

As part of the Northern and South-Eastern Suburban Roads Upgrade packages, Major Road Projects Victoria has sought to incorporate road safety metrics into the tender designs review process. The Australian Road Research Board adapted the Safe System Assessment Framework (Austroads 2016) to meet this need. Twelve road projects were assessed to provide baselines scores for the reference designs. The submitted tender designs will then be reassessed to provide an assessment of road safety in the designs. This work provided an extension in use of Safe System Assessment Framework as well as insight into current gaps in road safety design practice.

scholarly journals An Unhelmeted Motorcyclist Not Holding Both Handlebars - A Photographic Idea for Education Presented as an Initial Scoping Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Deborah J Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Driver Fatigue ◽  
Scoping Study ◽  
Safety Message ◽  
Word Cloud ◽  
Motor Cycle ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Emerging Themes

Introduction: Road safety campaigns in Australia typically have simple, hit home messages with captions overlaid on photos. The Australian stop, revive, survive campaign is well-known, with accompanying photos displaying red fatigued eyes with the words; tired eyes, yawning, driver fatigue: wake up to the signs. Otherwise, the stop, revive, survive is shown with a windy road ahead viewed through a dashboard.Objectives: The aim of this project was to create a helmet safety message utilising a photograph along with several text words alongside.Methods: A photograph taken by Stephen Hilton of a motorcyclist with no helmet, holding one handlebar, was utilised with the words;‘Helmet, Handlebars, Headlights’ overlaid above along with arrows. This safety design was shown to forty persons, in order to obtain brief feedback and comments on whether this had the potential to convey the message about the need for a helmet in particular. The comments were gathered, collated and then common themes were identified.Results and Discussion: Five emerging themes were identified that included; The message is simple and straight to the point, cultural awareness is required, the need to enforce it as law, motor cycle riders think they are invincible and finally respondents were unsure whether it would work. A word cloud was created capturing and highlighting the main words stated in larger font, while words used infrequently were displayed in smaller font.Conclusion: More than half of the respondents questioned thought the idea was simple, straight to the point and hence should work.

Quantification Metrics and Analysis of Human Factor, Workload, and Road Infrastructure

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110338
Author(s):  
Samuel C. Tignor
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Highway Safety ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Road Data ◽  
Road Safety Audits

This paper describes how human factors (HF) and user workload (WL) can be used by highway designers and traffic engineers to quantify the potential safety of sections of highway. Users’ WL is a quantitative measure of HF. Both HF and WL are used successfully in other fields, such as aviation when pilots have difficulty in using instruments and in touch-down before the start or end of the runway. The traditional highway approach of gauging success is by counting crashes. But with fatalities exceeding 30,000 a year for more than 20 years, the time is right for a new method of analysis. The author has integrated specific WL metrics into a simplified example to aid designers, traffic engineers, and safety analysts in assessing user problems before building new projects or road upgrades. The example uses static and dynamic WL and alternating renewal (AR) metrics (not used by others) to quantify user WL in highway segments for the purpose of illustrating the variation of design and operational safety conditions. The example can be easily modified when new metrics are created, and it illustrates the use of WL and its associated highway safety implications. In short, the approach is based on common sense with trained engineering experience and logic integrated into data-driven safety analyses. The example is a continuation of an earlier FHWA research study illustrating the application of road safety audits and the Interactive Highway Safety Design Model (IHSDM). The IHSDM, Excel, and Google Earth were used because no funding was available for on-road data collection.

Passy-Muir Speaking Valve Use in a Children's Hospital: An Interdisciplinary Approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Hofmann ◽  
Joseph Bolton ◽  
Susan Ferry
Keyword(s):  
Tracheostomy Tube ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Speaking Valve ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Children’S Hospital

Abstract At The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) we treat many children requiring tracheostomy tube placement. With potential for a tracheostomy tube to be in place for an extended period of time, these children may be at risk for long-term disruption to normal speech development. As such, speaking valves that restore more normal phonation are often key tools in the effort to restore speech and promote more typical language development in this population. However, successful use of speaking valves is frequently more challenging with infant and pediatric patients than with adult patients. The purpose of this article is to review background information related to speaking valves, the indications for one-way valve use, criteria for candidacy, and the benefits of using speaking valves in the pediatric population. This review will emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration from the perspectives of speech-language pathology and respiratory therapy. Along with the background information, we will present current practices and a case study to illustrate a safe and systematic approach to speaking valve implementation based upon our experiences.

Prophylactic Mastectomy - Evaluation and Treatment of High Risk Patients

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remmel ◽  
Harder
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Prophylactic Mastectomy ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk Reduction ◽  
Cancer Risk Reduction

Prophylactic mastectomy is an aggressive strategy for breast cancer risk reduction. The indications and efficiency of this procedures are not yet clearly defined. Randomized, prospective studies, comparing different surgical procedures with other modalities of breast cancer risk reduction are lacking. The report evaluates the existing controversy, based on Medline search in the following sequence: risk factors, possibilities of risk reduction, effectiveness of risk reduction, technical considerations and recommendations. Patient selection is difficult and needs an interdisciplinary approach. The women have to be well informed about all treatment alternatives and various reconstructive procedures. An appropriate risk reduction strategy should be selected individually for each patient. Up to now, there exist only recommendations from different institutions but no definitive guidelines.

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