Revisiting the Lisbon Treaty’s Constitutional Design of EU External Relations

The rise of the Scottish national movement has been accompanied by the emergence of distinct constitutional ideas, claims and arguments, which may affect constitutional design in any future independent Scotland. Drawing on the fields of constitutional theory, comparative constitutional law, and Scottish studies, this book examines the historical trajectory of the constitutional question in Scotland and analyses the influences and constraints on the constitutional imagination of the Scottish national movement, in terms of both the national and international contexts. It identifies an emerging Scottish nationalist constitutional tradition that is distinct from British constitutional orthodoxies but nevertheless corresponds to broad global trends in constitutional thought and design. Much of the book is devoted to the detailed exposition and comparative analysis of the draft constitution for an independent Scotland published by the SNP in 2002. The 2014 draft interim Constitution presented by the Scottish Government is also examined, and the two texts are contrasted to show the changing nature of the SNP’s constitutional policy: from liberal-procedural constitutionalism in pursuit of a more inclusive polity, to a more populist and majoritarian constitutionalism.

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GEOPHYSICS OF ENTANGLED STATES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND QUANTUM TELEPORTATION OF SARS COV-2 IN THE PLANET'S BIOGEOSPHERE

10.24108/preprints-3112044 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vladimir Gavrilov ◽

Tatyana Antipova ◽

Yan Vlasov ◽

Sergey Ardatov ◽

Anastasia Ardatova

Keyword(s):

Entangled States ◽

Classical Communication ◽

Special Services ◽

External Relations ◽

Useful Signal ◽

Experimental Process ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Academy Of Sciences ◽

Principle Of Complementarity

In their previous works , leading their history since 1988, the authors of this article have repeatedly conceptually shown and experimentally verified the results of research on the teleportation of information between macro objects. Early author's works were performed during the existence of the Russian Federation – as a country called the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Some of which were marked "Top Secret" - links further down the text. Since they were performed under the supervision of the relevant special services and further "Department of external relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences". The authors used numerous examples to demonstrate the possibility of teleportation of information in macro-systems, including ecosystem, biogeocenotic levels, and then tissue and organism levels. Successful experimental verifications occurred only in cases when all the principles and rules laid down in the theory of quantum information, applied to biological objects, were correctly combined. Namely, the preparation of cascades of entangled States was performed both on the mental and somatic levels. In full accordance with the principle of complementarity and taking into account the fact that the observer and the observed are actively connected by the sum of similarities. In addition, the role of the classical communication channel in this process was performed by carrier electromagnetic fields modulated by a useful signal. This signal represented a cast of the simulated experimental process. An example of a real COVID-19 pandemic is the verification of author's works in nature on a biogeocenotic scale. And certainly with anthropogenic – so to speak-participation.

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Turkey’s foreign policy in perspective: Some regional and national interests

OOO Zhurnal Voprosy Istorii ◽

10.31166/voprosyistorii202010statyi48 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽

pp. 82-92

Author(s):

Gekkaya Funda

Keyword(s):

Foreign Policy ◽

Political Ideology ◽

Geographical Location ◽

National Interests ◽

Security Culture ◽

Center Stage ◽

External Relations ◽

The World ◽

Transit Route ◽

And Control

The formation of external policy of any country aims at serving the state’s interests. For this matter, many countries seek their way through this by taking into account the potential prospects available to them. The fundamental subtleties and factors that influence a state’s choices of external policy include geographical location, history, security, culture, trade, political ideology, military might, et cetera. Countries often make external contacts based on some regulations and response to unfolding events. Thus, external policy to an extent pertains to the guiding principles outlined to be pursued through state values, decisions and actions taken by the states themselves and their attempt to develop, manage and control the external relations of national societies. In this regard, the Caucasian region has been an important factor in Turkey’s foreign policy. Since these states emerged in the early 1990s, energy has taken a center stage within the region, while Turkey remains a transit route to the world...

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