Conceptual Spaces and Computing with Words

2015 ◽  
pp. 123-139
Author(s):  
Janet Aisbett ◽  
John T. Rickard ◽  
Greg Gibbon
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Alison Schofield

Jodi Magness’ proposal that an altar existed at Qumran leaves some unanswered questions; nevertheless, her conclusions are worthy of consideration. This study examines her claim that the residents at Qumran had an altar, modeled off of the Wilderness Tabernacle, through the lens of critical spatial theory. The conceptual spaces of some of the Dead Sea Scrolls, such as The Damascus Document and The Community Rule, as well as the spatial practices of the site of Qumran do not rule out – and even support – the idea that Qumran itself was highly delimited and therefore its spaces hierarchized in such a way that it could have supported a central cultic site.


Author(s):  
TRU H. CAO

Conceptual graphs and fuzzy logic are two logical formalisms that emphasize the target of natural language, where conceptual graphs provide a structure of formulas close to that of natural language sentences while fuzzy logic provides a methodology for computing with words. This paper proposes fuzzy conceptual graphs as a knowledge representation language that combines the advantages of both the two formalisms for artificial intelligence approaching human expression and reasoning. Firstly, the conceptual graph language is extended with functional relation types for representing functional dependency, and conjunctive types for joining concepts and relations. Then fuzzy conceptual graphs are formulated as a generalization of conceptual graphs where fuzzy types and fuzzy attribute-values are used in place of crisp types and crisp attribute-values. Projection and join as basic operations for reasoning on fuzzy conceptual graphs are defined, taking into account the semantics of fuzzy set-based values.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-491
Author(s):  
M. Cristina Amoretti ◽  
Marcello Frixione

Wines with geographical indication can be classified and represented by such features as designations of origin, producers, vintage years, alcoholic strength, and grape varieties; these features allow us to define wines in terms of a set of necessary and/or sufficient conditions. However, wines can also be identified by other characteristics, involving their look, smell, and taste; in this case, it is hard to define wines in terms of necessary and/or sufficient conditions, as wine concepts exhibit typicality effects. This is a setback for the design of computer science ontologies aiming to represent wine concepts, since knowledge representation formalisms commonly adopted in this field do not allow for the representation of concepts in terms of typical traits. To solve this problem, we propose to adopt a hybrid approach in which ontology-oriented formalisms are combined with a geometric representation of knowledge based on conceptual spaces. As in conceptual spaces, concepts are identified in terms of a number of quality dimensions. In order to determine those relevant for wine representation, we use the terminology developed by the Italian Association of Sommeliers to describe wines. This will allow us to understand typicality effects about wines, determine prototypes and better exemplars, and measure the degree of similarity between different wines.


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