Carbon Nanoadsorbents for Removal of Organic Contaminants from Water

Распространенным технологическим приемом удаления из воды грубодисперсных примесей, находящихся во взвешенном состоянии, а также коллоидных органических загрязнений, присутствующих в растворенном виде, является процесс коагуляции. Эффективными коагулянтами для систем с водной дисперсионной средой являются соли поливалентных металлов. Цель работы заключалась в создании нового государственного стандарта, предназначенного для обеспечения единообразной оценки качества коагулянтов. Рассмотрена область применения коагулянтов в процессе водоподготовки и проведен их сравнительный анализ. Показана необходимость унификации в области процессов контроля качества коагулянтов. Сформулированы общие требования к контролю качества полиоксихлорида алюминия. Представлен разработанный и утвержденный новый национальный стандарт ГОСТ Р 58580-2019 Полиоксихлорид алюминия. Технические условия , который учитывает требования санитарного законодательства, технического регулирования, безопасности процессов производства и транспортировки полиоксихлорида алюминия.Coagulation process has been a widespread process technology for removing coarse suspended impurities from water, as well as colloidal organic contaminants present in dissolved form. Polyvalent metal salts are effective coagulants for the systems with aqueous disperse medium. The purpose of the work was developing a new state standard to provide for a uniform assessment of the quality of coagulants. The scope of coagulants in the process of water treatment is considered and their comparative analysis is carried out. The general requirements to the control of polyaluminium chloride quality are formulated. The developed and approved new national standard GOST R 58580-2019 Polyaluminium chloride. Technical conditions is presented that takes into account the requirements of sanitary legislation, technical regulation, safety of the processes of production and transportation of polyaluminium chloride.

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Advances in using passive sampling techniques to measure bioavailability and toxicity of organic contaminants in sediment

Chinese Journal of Chromatography ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1123.2013.05010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 620

Author(s):

Huizhen LI ◽

Jing YOU

Keyword(s):

Organic Contaminants ◽

Passive Sampling ◽

Sampling Techniques

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The Distribution of Volatile Organics in a Leachate Plume, Gloucester, Ontario

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1987.004 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 49-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.F. Devlin ◽

W.A. Gorman

Keyword(s):

Organic Contaminants ◽

Source Area ◽

Unconfined Aquifer ◽

High Concentration ◽

Organic Contamination ◽

Aquifer System ◽

Aquifer Systems ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Volatile Organic Contaminants ◽

Aquifer Sediments

Abstract The Gloucester Landfill is located near Ottawa, Ontario, on a northeast trending ridge of Quaternary age. The ridge comprises outwash sediments which make up two aquifer systems. A confined system exists next to bedrock, and is overlain by a silty-clayey stratum (the confining layer) which is, in turn, overlain by an unconfined aquifer system. Two independent volatile organic plumes have previously been identified at the landfill: the southeast plume, which has penetrated the confined aquifer system, and the northeast plume which is migrating in the unconfined aquifer. The distribution of volatile organic contaminants at the northeast plume site appears to be a function of two factors: (1) heterogeneities in the aquifer sediments are causing the channeling of contaminants through a narrow path; (2) the low fraction of organic carbon in the unconfined aquifer sediments at the northeast site is resulting in little retardation of the contaminants there, relative to those at the southeast site. Acetate was the only volatile fatty acid detected in the leachate. It was measurable only in areas where the volatile organic contamination was significant. Although methane was detected in the contaminated sediments, suggesting that microbial activity was present, the high concentration of acetate (>1000 ppm) which was detected down-gradient from the source area indicates that any biodegradation which is occurring is proceeding at a very slow rate.

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Zebra Mussels as Biomonitors for Organic Contaminants in the Lower Great Lakes

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1996.023 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 411-432 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Michael E. Comba ◽

Janice L. Metcalfe-Smith ◽

Klaus L.E. Kaiser

Keyword(s):

Great Lakes ◽

Organic Contaminants ◽

Lake Erie ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Lake Ontario ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Zebra Mussels ◽

Organic Contamination ◽

Contamination Levels ◽

St Lawrence River

Abstract Zebra mussels were collected from 24 sites in Lake Erie, Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River between 1990 and 1992. Composite samples of whole mussels (15 sites) or soft tissues (9 sites) were analyzed for residues of organochlo-rine pesticides and PCBs to evaluate zebra mussels as biomonitors for organic contaminants. Mussels from most sites contained measurable quantities of most of the analytes. Mean concentrations were (in ng/g, whole mussel dry weight basis) 154 ΣPCB, 8.4 ΣDDT, 3.5 Σchlordane, 3.4 Σaldrin, 1.4 ΣBHC, 1.0 Σendosulfan, 0.80 mirex and 0.40 Σchlorobenzene. Concentrations varied greatly between sites, i.e., from 22 to 497 ng/g for ΣPCB and from 0.08 to 11.6 ng/g for ΣBHC, an indication that mussels are sensitive to different levels of contamination. Levels of ΣPCB and Σendosulfan were highest in mussels from the St. Lawrence River, whereas mirex was highest in those from Lake Ontario. Overall, mussels from Lake Erie were the least contaminated. These observations agree well with the spatial contaminant trends shown by other biomoni-toring programs. PCB congener class profiles in zebra mussels are also typical for nearby industrial sources, e.g., mussels below an aluminum casting plant contained 55% di-, tri- and tetrachlorobiphenyls versus 31% in those upstream. We propose the use of zebra mussels as biomonitors of organic contamination in the Great Lakes.

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