The Victorious King: The Role of Victor Emmanuel III in the Great War

2018 ◽  
pp. 225-249
Author(s):  
Valentina Villa
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-568
Author(s):  
Johann Strauss

This article examines the functions and the significance of picture postcards during World War I, with particular reference to the war in the Ottoman Lands and the Balkans, or involving the Turkish Army in Galicia. After the principal types of Kriegspostkarten – sentimental, humorous, propaganda, and artistic postcards (Künstlerpostkarten) – have been presented, the different theatres of war (Balkans, Galicia, Middle East) and their characteristic features as they are reflected on postcards are dealt with. The piece also includes aspects such as the influence of Orientalism, the problem of fake views, and the significance and the impact of photographic postcards, portraits, and photo cards. The role of postcards in book illustrations is demonstrated using a typical example (F. C. Endres, Die Türkei (1916)). The specific features of a collection of postcards left by a German soldier who served in Turkey, Syria, and Iraq during World War I will be presented at the end of this article.


2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 599-606
Author(s):  
Slavica Popovic-Filipovic

Historians and historical research of the role of the Serbian nation in the Great War give ample respect and recognition of the great battles and great victories. However, the exodus of the Serbian people and its armies out of Serbia is also not forgotten. Neither are the Salonika Front, nor other battlefronts. Less well known and researched is the fate of 35,000 young Serbian recruits, the young people dispersed to distant lands. This research is concentrated on the fate of the Serbian refugees in Corsica, on those who helped them, looked after them, and treated them to recovery, and who themselves came there from other parts of the world. Those Serbian refugees in Corsica were looked after by the representatives of diplomatic, humanitarian, and medical missions from Serbia, France, and Great Britain. The life of the Serbian refugee colony in Corsica was organized, financed, and supported by the Royal Serbian Government in exile in France, the French Relief Committee for the wounded, sick, and refugees, the Serbian Relief Fund, the Scottish Women?s Hospitals for Foreign Service, the local authorities, and numerous individuals in Corsica. We have paid particular attention to the Scottish Women?s Hospital in Corsica that provided a special hospital unit called ?Corsica Unit,? situated in Ajaccio, with the isolation ward in Lazaret, and ambulances and dispensaries located in various villages, where the Serbian refugees were billeted. At the time of centennial commemorations of the Great War, we want to express our profound gratitude to the humanitarian and medical assistance from all quarters, and in particular to the Scottish Women?s Hospitals, and Dr. Elsie Inglis, the founder and the leader of this medical mission.


Author(s):  
Melissa Bradshaw

This chapter focuses on Cecil Beaton’s famous photographs of Edith, Osbert, and Sacheverell Sitwell. These photographs offer a summary of the ideological motivations for the Sitwells’ artistic activism in the 1920s, a visual representation of their most fervent beliefs about the role of art in British culture. The chapter acknowledges that they were motivated by the desire for publicity and that their many public battles had less to do with deeply felt principles than with opportunism and an eagerness to turn real or imagined slights into highly publicized feuds; however, it argues that Beaton’s 1927 photographs of the Sitwells are also evidence of their investment in a thoughtful reappraisal of British culture after the Great War and in a vigorous revision of the role of the aristocracy within that culture.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
John A. Moses

Abstract There is still much unclear about the nature of the origins of Australia’s most respected and hallowed national day, namely Anzac Day, 25 April, and about who was primarily responsible for instituting a day of solemn commemoration for the fallen in the Great War of 1914–18. Much has been written by mostly unqualified would-be ‘authorities’ that is either patently false, uninformed or hostile to the commemoration. This is either because of resentment in some quarters of the distinctly Anglican contribution to the nature of the commemoration or pacifist misunderstanding that the celebration of Anzac Day is somehow a glorification of war. This paper based on original research into the files of the Queensland Anzac Day Commemoration Committee establishes the key role of Canon David John Garland (1864–1939) in shaping a liturgy of civic religion for the day which he hoped would become a means of reminding the population of their calling as part of the British Empire to emphasize the reign of Almighty God over all nations of the earth. That was the hidden Christian agenda in the mind of Canon Garland. Naturally he had his opponents to this objective.


2020 ◽  
pp. 205-224
Author(s):  
Stefan Manz ◽  
Panikos Panayi

The chapter begins with a brief outline of the operation of the Indian civil service, the Government of India, and its relationship to Whitehall through the India Office, as well as pointing to the role of India during the Great War. The narrative then tackles the issue of the development of a hostile Anglo-Indian opinion towards the Germans which meant that the white race split apart. As in other parts of the Empire, the Government of India introduced measures which controlled the movement of the German minority and also confiscated all German property. Those interned consisted mostly of Germans resident in India when the war broke out, including missionaries, although others arrived there from Bahrain, East Africa, and Siam. Apart from the head camp at Ahmednagar, a series of other establishments also evolved, including Belgaum which held families and Sholapur which incarcerated women transported from Siam.


2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 470-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Popovic-Filipovic

Historians and historical research of the role of the Serbian nation in the Great War give ample respect and recognition of the great battles and great victories. However, the exodus of the Serbian people and its armies out of Serbia is also not forgotten. Neither are the Salonika Front, nor other battlefronts. Less well known and researched is the fate of 35,000 young Serbian recruits, the young people dispersed to distant lands. This research is concentrated on the fate of the Serbian refugees in Corsica, on those who helped them, looked after them, and treated them to recovery, and who themselves came there from other parts of the world. Those Serbian refugees in Corsica were looked after by the representatives of diplomatic, humanitarian, and medical missions from Serbia, France, and Great Britain. The life of the Serbian refugee colony in Corsica was organized, financed, and supported by the Royal Serbian Government in exile in France, the French Relief Committee for the wounded, sick, and refugees, the Serbian Relief Fund, the Scottish Women?s Hospitals for Foreign Service, the local authorities, and numerous individuals in Corsica. We have paid particular attention to the Scottish Women?s Hospital in Corsica that provided a special hospital unit called ?Corsica Unit,? situated in Ajaccio, with the isolation ward in Lazaret, and ambulances and dispensaries located in various villages, where the Serbian refugees were billeted. At the time of centennial commemorations of the Great War, we want to express our profound gratitude to the humanitarian and medical assistance from all quarters, and in particular to the Scottish Women?s Hospitals, and Dr. Elsie Inglis, the founder and the leader of this medical mission.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-60
Author(s):  
Christopher Leach

Uniforms carry cultural meaning shaped by their interaction with military realities. They can communicate tradition but also anticipate change. Prior to the Great War, British Army uniforms had developed from the familiar red tunic to khaki, but the manner of their representation in the mass culture confirmed a continuity and correctness of the British way of war that ran against the emerging industrialization of warfare. Wearing familiar uniforms linked to the past and concurrently fighting what seemed like anachronistic ‘small wars’ in empire as reported in the press, what awaited the volunteers of 1914–15 could not have been anticipated by those consumers of the commercial culture. This article uses a variety of sources, from the illustrated adult and juvenile press, paintings, and toys, to reveal the link between uniforms and the representation of warfare in the fifty years prior to the Great War. In that representation we see not just the glorification of war that cultural historians attach to gendered, imperialist, or nationalist meanings. This article argues that the role of uniforms in the representation of warfare was a means by which to make it knowable and worthwhile for the consumer public. But by representing past and contemporary uniforms quite accurately, the writers and artists imposed a sense of military continuity at a time when war was changing.


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