North American Wild Relatives of Grain Crops

The most important harvested organs of crop plants, such as seeds, tubers and fruits, are often described as assimilate sinks. They play little or no part in the fixation of carbon through the production of sugars through photosynthesis, or in the uptake of nitrogen and sulphur, but import these assimilated resources to support metabolism and to store them in the form of starch, oils and proteins. Wild plants store resources in seeds and tubers to later support an emergent young plant. Cultivated crops are effectively storing resources to provide us with food and many have been bred to accumulate much more than would be required otherwise. For example, approximately 80% of a cultivated potato plant's dry weight is contained in its tubers, ten times the proportion in the tubers of its wild relatives (Inoue & Tanaka 1978). Cultivation and breeding has brought about a shift in the partitioning of carbon and nitrogen assimilate between the organs of the plant.

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Infection control in North American dental schools

Journal of Dental Education ◽

10.1002/j.0022-0337.1989.53.9.tb02344.x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 532-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E Sampson ◽

VB Dhuru

Keyword(s):

Infection Control ◽

North American ◽

Dental Schools

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Treatment planning instruction in North American dental schools, 1984-85

Journal of Dental Education ◽

10.1002/j.0022-0337.1985.49.10.tb01933.x ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 49 (10) ◽

pp. 702-706

Author(s):

S Kennon ◽

TF Sleamaker ◽

AG Farman

Keyword(s):

Treatment Planning ◽

North American ◽

Dental Schools

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Adaptation of the Connected Speech Test: Rerecording and Passage Equivalency

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/2019_aja-19-00052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 259-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hasan K. Saleh ◽

Paula Folkeard ◽

Ewan Macpherson ◽

Susan Scollie

Keyword(s):

Speech Perception ◽

North American ◽

First Language ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Connected Speech ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Speech Test ◽

The Mean ◽

Unit Standard

Purpose The original Connected Speech Test (CST; Cox et al., 1987) is a well-regarded and often utilized speech perception test. The aim of this study was to develop a new version of the CST using a neutral North American accent and to assess the use of this updated CST on participants with normal hearing. Method A female English speaker was recruited to read the original CST passages, which were recorded as the new CST stimuli. A study was designed to assess the newly recorded CST passages' equivalence and conduct normalization. The study included 19 Western University students (11 females and eight males) with normal hearing and with English as a first language. Results Raw scores for the 48 tested passages were converted to rationalized arcsine units, and average passage scores more than 1 rationalized arcsine unit standard deviation from the mean were excluded. The internal reliability of the 32 remaining passages was assessed, and the two-way random effects intraclass correlation was .944. Conclusion The aim of our study was to create new CST stimuli with a more general North American accent in order to minimize accent effects on the speech perception scores. The study resulted in 32 passages of equivalent difficulty for listeners with normal hearing.

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