Temporal Conditioning

Previous studies of the human response to a tickle have demonstrated that subjects will respond to a gesture that signals the onset of a tickle in the same way as to a tickle. Researchers have described this anticipatory response as an “expectation.” In the current study, we investigated, from the Pavlovian framework, the response to a verbal stimulus preceding the tickle stimulus. We exposed subjects to experimental phases which included the Neutral Stimulus Alone, 100% Pairing of the Neutral and Unconditioned Stimuli (tickle strokes to the foot), Random Presentation, Partial (75%) Reinforcement, and Temporal Conditioning. Pavlovian conditioning was observed in all phases, suggesting a parsimonious explanation for the expectation effect described by others.

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Temporal conditioning and the dynamics of inter-institutional projects

International Journal of Project Management ◽

10.1016/j.ijproman.2018.03.007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 673-686 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Therese Dille ◽

Jonas Söderlund ◽

Stewart Clegg

Keyword(s):

Temporal Conditioning

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UCR diminution in temporal conditioning and habituation.

Journal of Experimental Psychology ◽

10.1037/h0025815 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Virginia E. Pendergrass ◽

H. D. Kimmel

Keyword(s):

Temporal Conditioning

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Acoustic habituation in cats as a function of stimulus rate and the role of temporal conditioning of the middle ear muscles

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/0013-4694(66)90105-2 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 485-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Leon A. Simons ◽

Colin W. Dunlop ◽

William R. Webster ◽

Lindsay M. Aitkin

Keyword(s):

Middle Ear ◽

Stimulus Rate ◽

Temporal Conditioning

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Drosophila acquires seconds-scale rhythmic behavior

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.242443 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jeb.242443

Author(s):

Masayoshi Ikarashi ◽

Hiromu Tanimoto

Keyword(s):

Temporal Structure ◽

Interval Timing ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Conditioning Paradigm ◽

Time Frequency ◽

Behavioral Rhythms ◽

Behavioral Adaptations ◽

Electric Shocks ◽

Rhythmic Behavior ◽

Temporal Conditioning

Detection of the temporal structure of stimuli is crucial for prediction. While perception of interval timing is relevant for immediate behavioral adaptations, it has been scarcely investigated, especially in invertebrates. Here we examined if the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, can acquire rhythmic behavior in the range of seconds. To this end, we developed a novel temporal conditioning paradigm utilizing repeated electric shocks. Combined automatic behavioral annotation and time-frequency analysis revealed that behavioral rhythms continued after cessation of the shocks. Furthermore, we found that aging impaired interval timing. This study thus not only demonstrated the ability of insects to acquire behavioral rhythms of a few seconds, but highlighted a life-course decline of temporal coordination, that is common also in mammals.

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