In order to improve water resource utilization and protect ecological environment in Shendong mining area, make the coal and water resource developed healthy. The multi-objective nonlinear programming model of water resources in mining area was established based on LINGO platform, the optimized configuration of water resource was researched. According to the result of model calculation, based on the optimized configuration of water resource and coal mining in 2012, 2015 and 2020, there are different levels of water shortage. The total water deficit is-526.56、-1189.37 and-1642.30 104m3. According to the actual situation and calculation result, the proposal is put forward in improving the utilization ratio of mining water, water diversion from external and flood utilization. The optimized configuration of water resource in Shendong mining area based on multi-objective nonlinear programming is scientifically, rationally, and plays a guiding role in harmonious development between coal resource exploitation and utilization of water resource.