Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a disorder of lymphoid proliferation seen in recipients of solid organ or haematopoietic transplants as a consequence of immunosuppression. A spectrum of disease is recognized ranging from non-malignant polyclonal proliferation of B cells to monoclonal proliferation of B or T lymphocytes which have features in common with lymphomas. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a majority of cases although it is not a universal feature. Treatment with anti-CD20 antibody in addition to reduction in immunosuppression has become the most common treatment approach.
Persistent Epstein-Barr viral load in Epstein-Barr viral naïve pediatric heart transplant recipients: Risk of late-onset post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease