Daytime Hypoxia, Sleep Disturbance, Nocturnal Hypoxaemia and Retarded Growth in Young Children Who Snore (Before and After Adenotonsillectomy) Compared with Control Children

1991 ◽  
pp. 486-490
Author(s):  
J. R. Stradling ◽  
G. Thomas ◽  
A. Freeland
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Retarded Growth ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nocturnal Hypoxaemia

scholarly journals Unilateral lateral rectus recession is an effective surgery for intermittent exotropia in young children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriel Spierer ◽  
Abraham Spierer
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Lateral Rectus ◽  
Intermittent Exotropia ◽  
Age At Surgery ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Consecutive Esotropia

Abstract Background Different surgical methods have been suggested for the correction of intermittent exotropia. Unilateral lateral rectus recession has been described as a surgical alternative for small and moderate-angle exotropia. In general, previous studies did not focus on the outcomes of unilateral lateral rectus recession in young children with intermittent exotropia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the surgical outcomes of unilateral lateral rectus recession in the treatment of moderate-angle exotropia (≤ 25 PD (prism diopters)) in children. Methods The charts of all patients younger than 12 years of age with moderate-angle exotropia (up to 25 PD) who were operated during the years 2006–2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-eight patients underwent unilateral lateral rectus recession and had a minimum follow up of 6 months. The angle of exotropia (PD) before and after surgery and the success rate were documented. Results Mean age at surgery was 6.4 ± 1.9 (range 3.5–11.0) years. Exotropia improved from a preoperative angle of 21.4 ± 4.0 PD to 3.5 ± 5.9 PD postoperatively (p < 0.001). Success rate, defined as deviation of ≤ 10 PD, was achieved in 86.2%. There were 2 (3.4%) cases of overcorrection (consecutive esotropia). There were no intra- or postoperative complications. The mean follow-up duration after surgery was 2.3 ± 1.7 years. Conclusions In children with moderate angle exotropia, good postoperative success rate was achieved by performing unilateral lateral rectus recession.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Brief Intervention to Improve the Nursing Care of Young Children in a High HIV and AIDS Setting

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Richter ◽  
Tamsen J. Rochat ◽  
Celia Hsiao ◽  
Thembelihle H. Zuma
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Nurse Burnout ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Infant Pain ◽  
Outcomes For Children

The HIV epidemic in South Africa is putting great strain on health services, including the inpatient care of young children. Caregivers and young children (107 pairs) and 17 nurses participated in an intervention to improve the care of young children in hospital in a high HIV and AIDS setting. The intervention addressed caregiver expectations about admission and treatment, responsive feeding, coping with infant pain and distress, assistance with medical procedures, and preparation for discharge and home care. Following a preparatory and piloting phase, measures of nurse burnout, caregiver physical and emotional well-being, and caregiver-child interaction were made before and after intervention. No changes were found between before and after intervention on assessments of caregiver wellbeing. However, mothers in the postintervention phase rated nurses as more supportive; mother-child interaction during feeding was more relaxed and engaged, and babies were less socially withdrawn. While the intervention proved useful in improving certain outcomes for children and their caregivers, it did not address challenging hospital and ward administration or support needed by caregivers at home following discharge. To address the latter need, the intervention has been extended into the community through home-based palliative care and support.

Phonetic Imitation by Young Children and Its Developmental Changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 2065-2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniko Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Third Graders ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Before And After

Purpose In the current study, the author investigated the developmental course of phonetic imitation in childhood, and further evaluated existing accounts of phonetic imitation. Method Sixteen preschoolers, 15 third graders, and 18 college students participated in the current study. An experiment with a modified imitation paradigm with a picture-naming task was conducted, in which participants' voice-onset time (VOT) was compared before and after they were exposed to target speech with artificially increased VOT. Results Extended VOT in the target speech was imitated by preschoolers and 3rd graders as well as adults, confirming previous findings in phonetic imitation. Furthermore, an age effect of phonetic imitation was observed; namely, children showed greater imitation than adults, whereas the degree of imitation was comparable between preschoolers and 3rd graders. No significant effect of gender or word specificity was observed. Conclusions Young children imitated fine phonetic details of the target speech, and greater degree of phonetic imitation was observed in children compared to adults. These findings suggest that the degree of phonetic imitation negatively correlates with phonological development.

scholarly journals Influence of the Subtle Energetic Changes on the Treatment Response in Patients with Insomnia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Edvard V. Kryzhanovskii ◽  
Alexander B. Yavorsky ◽  
Kwong C. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Psychological Indicators ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Psychophysiological Insomnia ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
Insomnia Treatment

The article examines the questions of the treatment of insomnia in patients who do not have neurological, mental, and somatic disorders. A nonmedicamental method of sleep disturbance correction in persons with psychophysiological insomnia is considered. In particular, it is proposed to use AM-therapy as a method of insomnia treatment which implies that the patients sleep on the special activated mattresses. To assess the condition of patients before and after the treatment, clinical, psychophysiological and electroencephalographic (EEG) methods are used. The effectiveness of applying this type of insomnia therapy is provided by the improvement of the psychological indicators and EEG data.

Memory for rote linguistic routines and sensitivity to rhyme: A comparison of low-income children with and without specific language impairment

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara B. Fazio
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
Classroom Activity ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Lower Performance ◽  
Low Income Children ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACTThis report describes two studies on memory for rote linguistic sequences and sensitivity to rhyme in young children with and without language impairment. In the first study, 10 low income kindergarteners with specific language impairment (SLI) were compared with age- and income-matched classmates on reciting common nursery rhymes, reciting the alphabet, and rote counting. Children with SLI displayed lower performance on most of the rote linguistic sequence tasks, especially on (heir knowledge of Mother Goose nursery rhymes. The second study examined the learning and retention of nursery rhymes in 8 young children with SLI after 6 weeks of classroom instruction. Low-income, 4- and 5-year-old children with SLI and their age- and income-matched classmates were taught five novel Mother Goose rhymes during a large-group classroom activity. Children were tested before and after the intervention on their ability to recite nursery rhymes and to detect rhyme. When compared with their peers, children with SLI had difficulty repeating the nursery rhymes, despite daily classroom exposure. Although the performance of children with SLI on rhyme recitation and detection tasks was poor, their relative performance was better on a cloze task based on the set of nursery rhymes. The results of this study suggest that children with SLI have difficulty storing and/or retrieving lines of memorized text. Traditional informal techniques for teaching rote linguistic sequences may need to be modified to give children with SLI more opportunities to practice rote sequences.

scholarly journals Respiratory Mechanics in Infants and Young Children Before and After Repair of Left-to-Right Shunts

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenio Baraldi ◽  
Marco Filippone ◽  
Ornella Milanesi ◽  
Giampiero Magagnin ◽  
Federica Vencato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Respiratory Mechanics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Infants And Young Children

An Assessment of Sleep Disturbance in Patients before and after Carpal Tunnel Release

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 144-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Erickson ◽  
Daniel Polatsch ◽  
Steven Beldner ◽  
Eitan Melamed
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Release ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
English Speaking

Background: Night time numbness is a key characteristic of CTS and relief of night time symptoms is one of the outcomes most important to patients. This study tested the null hypothesis that there is no difference between sleep quality and night symptoms before and after carpal tunnel release (CTR). Methods: Forty-four, English-speaking adult patients requesting open CTR for electrodiagnostically confirmed carpal tunnel syndrome completed questionnaires before and after surgery. Average age was 59, 24 patients were men and 20 were women. Patient with a primary or secondary sleep disorder were excluded. Before surgery, patients completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality index (PSQI). At an average of 3 months after surgery, participants completed PSQI questionnaires. Onset of sleep quality improvement was specifically addressed. Differences between preoperative and postoperative sleep quality were evaluated using the paired t-test. Spearman correlations were used to assess the relationship between continuous variables. Results: Of the 44 patients, 32 (72%) were classified as poor sleepers (PSQI > 5.5) prior to surgery. At 3 months follow up, there was a significant improvement PSQI global scores (7.8 ± 5.1 vs 4 ± 3.5, p < 0.001) as well as subdivisions. Daytime dysfunction (0.2 ± 0.4, p < 0.001) and medication use (1.0 ± 1.2 vs 0.9 ± 1.2, p < 0.045) secondary to sleep disturbance and was improved as well. In all patients, onset of improvement was within 24 hours of surgery. Conclusions: CTR is associated with improvement in sleep quality at 3 months follow-up. CTR improves daytime dysfunction related to the sleep disturbance. The onset of sleep improvement is 24 hours after surgery in most cases.

Sleep Disturbance after Rapid Ascent to Moderate Altitude among Infants and Preverbal Young Children

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Yaron ◽  
Kjell Lindgren ◽  
Ann C. Halbower ◽  
Michael Weissberg ◽  
Martin Reite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Rapid Ascent
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