Xanthophyll Cycle Dependent Non-Photochemical Quenching of Chlorophyll a Fluorescence at Low Physiological Temperatures

1995 ◽  
pp. 3789-3792
Author(s):  
A. M. Gilmore ◽  
T. L. Hazlett ◽  
O. Björkman ◽  
Govindjee
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Xanthophyll Cycle ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Cycle Dependent ◽  
Non Photochemical Quenching

Photoprotective mechanisms during leaf ontogeny: cuticular development and anthocyanin deposition in two morphs of Agave striata that differ in leaf coloration

Botany ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 1186-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Y. Fondom ◽  
Sergio Castro-Nava ◽  
Alfredo J. Huerta
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Xanthophyll Cycle ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Leaf Ontogeny ◽  
Leaf Coloration ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Non Photochemical Quenching

Our objectives were to test whether in Agave striata Zucc., a plant with crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM plant), leaf wax development is a delayed response to sunlight exposure following cutin development, and whether energy dissipation shifts from non-photochemical quenching to photochemical quenching during leaf ontogeny. Under field conditions, photosynthesis, cuticular development, and anthocyanin deposition were studied in two morphs of A. striata that differ in leaf coloration (green vs. red). We quantified leaf anthocyanin, wax, and cutin content, and also measured chlorophyll a fluorescence and leaf surface temperature. In addition, using three leaf reflectance indices, we measured relative chlorophyll and anthocyanin content, and also xanthophyll-cycle de-epoxidation state (xanthophyll conversion). Our results revealed that the main components of cuticle (wax and cutin) in leaves of A. striata are deposited during different developmental windows, which are similar to leaves of monocots such as grasses. Exposure to sunlight was found to be the most likely candidate to affect wax and anthocyanin deposition. Chlorophyll a fluorescence data revealed that the sunlight conditions experienced by both morphs predisposed the young leaves of the green morph and old leaves of both morphs to photoinhibition. Our results also revealed that old leaves of the red morph, which contain a reduced level of chlorophyll and anthocyanin, had additional photoprotection via xanthophyll conversion. The results presented here support the photoprotective function of leaf anthocyanins and wax accumulation during leaf ontogeny, indicating that their presence may compensate for the reduced dependence of non-photochemical quenching and the xanthophyll-cycle pigment conversion.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic performance of two maize genotypes as affected by chilling stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kosová ◽  
D. Haisel ◽  
I. Tichá
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Xanthophyll Cycle ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Fluorescence Characteristics ◽  
Non Photochemical Quenching ◽  
And Control

The effect of chilling on light dependence of photosynthetic and chlorophyll a fluorescence characteristics in two maize genotypes CE 704 and CE 810 grown in a glasshouse during spring and autumn was studied. In spring, the net photosynthetic rate (P<sub>N</sub>) of CE 704 plants was not affected by chilling under moderate irradiance but it was strongly affected under a saturating one. This indicates that efficiency of photosynthetic apparatus was not affected by chilling but its capacity was decreased. Contrary to CE 704, CE 810 plants were not affected by chilling under saturating irradiance. In autumn, CE 704 plants adapted to chilling and no statistically significant differencies in P<sub>N</sub> and Fv/Fm between chilled and control plants in the whole range of irradiance were found. Enhanced activity of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in chilled CE 704 plants under saturating irradiance corresponded with an increased level of xanthophyll cycle pigments and an increased deepoxidation state of these pigments.

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