The constraint of maternal nutrition on the trajectory of fetal growth in humans

1989 ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Nutrition

Maternal nutrition and fetal growth

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449
Author(s):  
R. R. Devi ◽  
K. N. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Nutrition

scholarly journals Maternal Characteristics Affect Fetal Growth Response to Maternal Supplements in the Women First Preconception Trial (WF) (P10-017-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hambidge ◽  
Carla Bann ◽  
Elizabeth McClure ◽  
Jamie Westcott ◽  
Ana Garces ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Effect Modifier ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Effect Regression ◽  
Female Effect ◽  
Gates Foundation

Abstract Objectives Determine if maternal characteristics modified newborn anthropometric outcomes in the WF trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01883193). Methods Secondary analysis included combined data for all 1465 maternal infant dyads in WF sites in Guatemala, India, and Pakistan who had 1st trimester ultrasounds and newborn anthropometry with the three WF arms maintained: Arm 1 commenced a comprehensive nutrition supplement ≥3 months prior to conception; Arm 2 commenced the same supplement in the 1st trimester, and Arm 3 received no trial supplements. Maternal characteristics included were: baseline, BMI, hemoglobin, age, education, SES, and parity plus newborn sex. Newborn outcomes were Z-scores for length (LAZ), weight (WAZ), and weight-to-length ratio (WLRZ). Mixed effect regression models were fit for each outcome, including treatment arm, effect modifier, and treatment arm x effect modifier interaction as predictors and controlling for study site, maternal characteristics, and newborn sex. Results Parity, anemia and newborn sex were significant effect modifiers favoring para 0 vs para ≥1, anemia vs non anemia, and newborn male vs female. Effect of Arm 1 vs 3 was significantly larger for para 0 vs ≥1 women on length and weight (Table). Arm 2 vs 3 was not associated with improvements for para 0 in weight (P = 0.273) or WLRZ (P = 0.710). Arms 1 and 2 (vs 3) were associated with significantly higher length, weight, and WLRZ for anemic women. For parity and anemia, effect sizes for Arm 1 were greater than for Arm 2 for WAZ and WLZ (P < 0.05), but not LAZ. Arm 1 and 2 were associated with significantly higher weight and WLRZ for male vs female newborn. Conclusions In diverse low resource populations, impaired fetal growth (weight and length) is substantially improved in nulliparous and in anemic women but minimally or not at all in parous and in non-anemic women. Correction of weight decrements is most pronounced with improvement in maternal nutrition commencing prior to conception. Funding Sources Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; NIH, NICHD and ODS. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Influence of Maternal Nutrition on Genomic Imprinting and Fetal Growth

2019 ◽  
pp. 1277-1292
Author(s):  
Emily Chapman ◽  
Jia Chen ◽  
Maya A. Deyssenroth
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Imprinting ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Nutrition

Maternal nutrition and disproportionate placental-to-fetal growth

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Symonds ◽  
L. Heasman ◽  
L. Clarke ◽  
K. Firth ◽  
T. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Nutrition

Effects of maternal nutrition during pregnancy on fetal growth and maternal constraint in sheep

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. C. Jenkinson ◽  
A. K. Earl ◽  
P. R. Kenyon ◽  
H. T. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Physical Constraint ◽  
Nutritional Treatment ◽  
Offspring Development ◽  
Fetal Size ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Nutritional Level

This study set out to determine the stage of gestation at which maternal constraint on fetal growth occurs and whether pregnancy nutritional level could alleviate that constraint. One-hundred and thirty-eight Cheviot (C) and 114 Suffolk (S) ewes were split into two groups and bred with either 12 S or 12 C rams to generate four ewe/fetal groups CC (C dam and C sire), CSinC (crossbred fetus in C ewe), CSinS, and SS. At Day 21 of pregnancy (P21), half of the ewes in each of the four groups were randomly allocated to either a maintenance (M) or ad libitum (A) nutritional treatment, under pastoral grazing conditions. At P100, a subgroup of singleton-bearing ewes including ewes from all four groups (n = 55 in total) were euthanised (Study 1). Maternal, placental and fetal weights and sizes were recorded. The remaining ewes were fed to appetite from P140 and were allowed to lamb (n = 114 in total, Study 2) and lamb liveweights were recorded within 12 h of birth and at average days 30 and 100 (L30, L100) of lactation. In both studies, M ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) than A ewes, and CC and CSinC ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) than CSinS and SS ewes. In Study 1, maternal nutritional treatment had no effect (P > 0.05) on fetal bodyweight although fetuses from A ewes had heavier (P < 0.05) livers, spleens and thyroids than fetuses from M ewes. CC and CSinC fetuses were lighter (P < 0.01) than both CSinS and SS fetuses. In Study 2, lambs born to M ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) at birth and at L100 than lambs born to A ewes. CC lambs were lighter (P < 0.01) than CSinC, CSinS and SS lambs at birth. At L30 and L100, CC lambs were lighter (P < 0.05) than CSinC lambs, which, in turn, were lighter (P < 0.05) than both CSinS and SS lambs, which did not differ (P > 0.05). Combined, these studies indicate that maternal nutrition may have little impact on singleton-offspring development until late gestation while, in contrast, dam size affected fetal size by the end of the second trimester. These data suggest that the C ewe constrains the growth of the crossbred fetus well before a ‘physical’ constraint would be expected.

Maternal Nutrition and Fetal Growth

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Ebrahim
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Nutrition

scholarly journals Maternal nutrition in early and late pregnancy in relation to placental and fetal growth

BMJ ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 312 (7028) ◽  
pp. 410-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Godfrey ◽  
S Robinson ◽  
D. Barker ◽  
C Osmond ◽  
V Cox
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Late Pregnancy
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