Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Imaging: An Overview

Proton ( 1 H) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Imaging in Stroke Syndromes

Neurologic Clinics ◽

10.1016/s0733-8619(18)31181-2 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 243-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

F.S. Buonanno ◽

J.P. Kistler ◽

L.D. DeWitt ◽

I.L. Pykett ◽

T.J. Brady

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Nmr Imaging ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

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NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND PROTON SPECTROSCOPY USED AS A TECHNIQUE TO ASSESS MAMMARY GLAND COMPOSITION IN HOLSTEIN HEIFERS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas90-141 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 1151-1154 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. STELWAGEN ◽

B. W. McBRIDE ◽

D. G. GRIEVE ◽

R. A. TOWNER

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Mammary Gland ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Nmr Imaging ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Proton Spectroscopy ◽

Imaging And Spectroscopy ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

Mammary glands of eight nonpregnant, nulliparous Holstein heifers (416 ± 11 d) were used to study the potential for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging and proton spectroscopy as a technique to assess mammary gland composition. It was concluded that the NMR technique has the potential to quantitate mammary gland composition in heifers. Key words: Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, mammary composition, Holstein heifers

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Fluorine-19 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy of Sevoflurane Uptake, Distribution, and Elimination in Rat Brain

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00000542-199510000-00016 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 766-774. ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Yan Xu ◽

Pei Tang ◽

Weiguo Zhang ◽

Leonard Firestone ◽

Peter M. Winter

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Brain Tissue ◽

19F Nmr ◽

Nmr Imaging ◽

General Anesthetic ◽

Imaging Methods ◽

Imaging And Spectroscopy ◽

The Brain ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

Background Determination of macroscopic and microscopic distribution of general anesthetics can facilitate identification of anatomic, cellular, and molecular loci of anesthetic action. Previous attempts to measure brain anesthetic distributions with fluorine-19 (19F) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging were conducted at magnetic field strengths lower than 2 Tesla. All have produced only silhouettes of brain tissue. Difficulties intrinsic to NMR imaging of anesthetics include higher anesthetic solubility in extracranial tissues and the lower limits to spin-echo delay times that can be used in conventional NMR imaging methods. So far, such methods have been unable to capture rapidly decaying brain 19F NMR signals. Methods 19F NMR imaging and spectroscopy were conducted at 4.7 Tesla using a specially developed NMR probe and new imaging methods. With the new techniques, it was possible to observe directly the uptake, distribution, and elimination in brain of sevoflurane, a fluorinated general anesthetic with special advantages for NMR investigations. Results 19F NMR images, acquired at different times after sevoflurane administration, clearly showed the distribution of a fluorinated general anesthetic within the brain. Based on continuous transverse relaxation time measurements, sevoflurane signals could be separated into two components, attributable respectively to sevoflurane in a mobile or immobile microenvironment. During washin, there was a delayed accumulation of anesthetic in the mobile microenvironment. During washout, there was a rapid elimination from the immobile microenvironment. Conclusions At anesthetizing concentrations, sevoflurane distributes heterogeneously in the brain. Sevoflurane in the brain tissue contributes mostly to the immobile component of the 19F signal, whereas that in the surrounding adipose and muscle tissues contributes mostly to the mobile component. Imaging and spectroscopic results suggest that the immobile component of sevoflurane is associated with the general anesthetic effects of the agent.

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Correlations between Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Retrospective Histochemical Images in Experimental Cerebral Infarction

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1038/jcbfm.1985.34 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 267-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Kato ◽

Kyuya Kogure ◽

Hitoshi Ohtomo ◽

Muneshige Tobita ◽

Shigeru Matsui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Spin Echo ◽

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Nmr Imaging ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

H Nmr ◽

Experimental Cerebral Infarction ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

Evaluation of ischemic brain injury in experimental cerebral infarction in gerbils and rats was performed by means of both proton nuclear magnetic resonance imaging ([1H]NMR-CT) and various histochemical analyses. In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging was carried out employing saturation recovery, inversion recovery, and spin echo pulse sequences. Spatial resolution of the images was excellent. The ischemic lesions were detected with a remarkable contrast in inversion recovery and spin echo images within a few hours after insult. Those changes in NMR images consistently corresponded with the various retrospective histochemical observations, especially with methods related to brain edema (K+ staining) rather than structural (enzymatic) studies. Calculated T1 and T2 relaxation times indicated the evolution of the edema state in the brain in situ. They correlated excellently with the retrospective water content measurement. As a result, detailed characterization of the edema state induced by cerebral ischemia was possible in vivo using [1H]NMR imaging.

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