Photosentized Degradation Reactions and their Possible Influence on the Photochemical Activities in Isolated Chloroplasts

1972 ◽  
pp. 1461-1469
Author(s):  
G. Harnischfeger
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Reactions ◽  
Photochemical Activities ◽  
Isolated Chloroplasts

scholarly journals The Effects of Digitonin on Photochemical Activities of Isolated Chloroplasts

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon P. Robinson ◽  
Joseph T. Wiskich
Keyword(s):  
Photochemical Activities ◽  
Isolated Chloroplasts

Development of Photochemical Activity in Chloroplast Membranes. II. Studies With a Mutant of Barley Grown Under Different Environments

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Smillie ◽  
NC Nielsen ◽  
KW Henningsen ◽  
DV Wettstein
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Chloroplast Development ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Photochemical Activity ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Chloroplast Membranes ◽  
Photochemical Activities ◽  
Gene Mutant ◽  
Isolated Chloroplasts

Chloroplast development in the barley mutant xantha-b12, a nuclear gene mutant derived from Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Sval�fs Bonus, was profoundly influenced by the temperature and light intensity to which the plants were subjected during growth. Low temperatures and high light intensities retarded chloroplast development. By growing this mutant under different combinations of temperature and light intensity, seedlings were produced containing chloroplasts at different developmental stages. Measurements of photochemical activities of the isolated chloroplasts indicated a sequence for development of photochemical competence in chloroplast membranes very similar to that adduced from a study of several different barley mutants grown under a single environment. A photoreductive capacity is initially acquired but energy conservation sites only become fully functional at an advanced stage of membrane development.

scholarly journals Effect of Chlorophyllase on Photochemical Activities of Isolated Chloroplasts

1971 ◽  
Vol 84 (993) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunimitsu WAKAMATSU ◽  
Yoshichika KOBAYASHI ◽  
Tsutomu SASA
Keyword(s):  
Photochemical Activities ◽  
Isolated Chloroplasts

Stabilization of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Consolidating Benthal Deposits

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 929-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Bryant ◽  
L. G. Rich
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Volatile Acid ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Degradation Reactions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Organic Deposits

The objective of this research was to develop and validate a predictive model of the benthal stabilization of organic carbon and nitrogen in deposits of waste activated sludge solids formed at the bottom of an aerated water column, under conditions of continual deposition. A benthal model was developed from a one-dimensional, generalized transport equation and a set of first-order biological reactions. For model verification, depth profiles of the major interstitial carbon and nitrogen components were measured from a set of deposits formed in the laboratory at 20°C and a controlled loading rate. The observed sequence of volatile acid utilization in each benthal deposit was that which would be predicted by the Gibbs free energies of the individual degradation reactions and would be controlled by the reduction in interstitial hydrogen partial pressure with time. Biodegradable solids were solubilized rapidly during the first three weeks of benthal retention, but subsequent solubilization occurred much more slowly. The benthal simulation effectively predicted the dynamics of consolidating, organic deposits. Simulation of organic loading rates up to 250 g BVSS/(m2 day) indicated that the stabilization capacity of benthal deposits was far above the range of organic loading rates currently used in lagoon design.

Development of HPLC Method for the Purity Test by Design of Experiments and Determination of Activation Energy of Hydrolytic Degradation Reactions of Sofosbuvir

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 976-987
Author(s):  
Jakub Petřík ◽  
Jakub Heřt ◽  
Pavel Řezanka ◽  
Filip Vymyslický ◽  
Michal Douša
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Design Of Experiments ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Isoconversional Method ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Organic Modifier ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Degradation Reactions

Background: The present study was focused on the development of HPLC method for purity testing of sofosbuvir by the Design of Experiments and determination of the activation energy of hydrolytic degradation reactions of sofosbuvir using HPLC based on the kinetics of sofosbuvir degradation. Methods: Following four factors for the Design of Experiments were selected, stationary phase, an organic modifier of the mobile phase, column temperature and pH of the mobile phase. These factors were examined in two or three level experimental design using Modde 11.0 (Umetrics) software. The chromatographic parameters like resolution, USP tailing and discrimination factor were calculated and analysed by partial least squares. The chromatography was performed based on Design of Experiments results with the mobile phase containing ammonium phosphate buffer pH 2.5 and methanol as an organic modifier. Separation was achieved using gradient elution on XBridge BEH C8 at 50 °C and a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. UV detection was performed at 220 nm. The activation energy of hydrolytic degradation reactions of sofosbuvir was evaluated using two different calculation methods. The first method is based on the slope of dependence of natural logarithm of the rate constant on inverted thermodynamic temperature and the second approach is the isoconversional method. Results and Conclusion: Calculated activation energies were 77.9 ± 1.1 kJ/mol for the first method and 79.5 ± 3.2 kJ/mol for the isoconversional method. The results can be considered to be identical, therefore both calculation methods are suitable for the determination of the activation energy of degradation reactions.

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