Herb-Drug Interactions: Focus on Adverse Drug Reactions and Pharmacovigilance of Herbal Medicines

2019 ◽  
pp. 547-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuppusamy Asokkumar ◽  
Subramaniam Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Drug Reactions

Biology of Heme: Drug Interactions and Adverse Drug Reactions with CYP450

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 2042-2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Kumar ◽  
Heerak Chugh ◽  
Damini Sood ◽  
Snigdha Singh ◽  
Aarushi Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Drug Metabolism ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Genetic Defects ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Detailed Structure ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation ◽  
Porphyrin Rings

Heme is central to functions of many biologically important enzymes (hemoproteins). It is an assembly of four porphyrin rings joined through methylene bridges with a central Fe (II). Heme is present in all cells, and its synthesis and degradation balance its amount in the cell. The deregulations of heme networks and incorporation in hemoproteins lead to pathogenic state. This article addresses the detailed structure, biosynthesis, degradation, and transportation associated afflictions to heme. The article is followed by its roles in various diseased conditions where it is produced mainly as the cause of increased hemolysis. It manifests the symptoms in diseases as it is a pro-oxidant, pro-inflammatory and pro-hemolytic agent. We have also discussed the genetic defects that tampered with the biosynthesis, degradation, and transportation of heme. In addition, a brief about the largest hemoprotein group of enzymes- Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) has been discussed with its roles in drug metabolism.

Adverse drug reactions & drug interactions in MDR-TB patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. S69-S78
Author(s):  
Amitesh Gupta ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Sekar Natarajan ◽  
Rupak Singla
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Mdr Tb

Importance of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) in adverse drug reactions due to drug–drug interactions: a PharmacoVigilance study in France

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Charlotte Danton ◽  
François Montastruc ◽  
Agnès Sommet ◽  
Geneviève Durrieu ◽  
Haleh Bagheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Reactions

scholarly journals Drug-Drug-Dietary interactions in pharmacotherapy of GIT medication: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2903-2909
Author(s):  
Akula sowjanya ◽  
Abhisek Pal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Effect ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Common Drug ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dietary Interactions

Successful drug therapy depends on the interaction between drug-drug and drug-diet. Drug interactions are a vital reason for causing adverse drug reactions and modify one drug effect by another drug and these kinds of interactions can increase or decrease the effectiveness of the drug. Polypharmacy could be a major risk for Drug-Drug and Drug-food interactions. Food Consumption can alter the effect of drugs by interfering either with their pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics processes. Anti-ulcer drugs are used to treat different types of ulcer and that may interact with another drug showing undesirable effects. GIT medications interfere with another type of medication either with at the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic level. The main objective of this article is to review data regarding common Drug-drug & Drug-food interactions related to GIT medications. Data was collected from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases, and they were reviewed for publication on drug-drug & drug-food interactions related to GIT medications. This data is very helpful for pharmacists while reviewing and analyzing prescribed medication, especially in geriatrics prescriptions.

Potential Drug-drug Interactions and Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Hydroxychloroquine

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Arjun Singh ◽  
Richa Chaudhary ◽  
Prayas Verma ◽  
Nilanchal Trivedi ◽  
Shamim Md Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Drug Reactions

Vigilance of Drug-Drug interactions to Mitigate ADRs: Front and Center for Pharmacists

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 336-337
Author(s):  
Manju T Beier
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Potentially Inappropriate Medications ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Inappropriate Medications

As the number of people taking multiple medications increases, differing approaches to address drug-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions have been debated—but not solved—despite excellent criteria to stop the use of potentially inappropriate medications.

scholarly journals Incidence and Predictors of Adverse Drug Reactions Caused by Drug-Drug Interactions in Elderly Outpatients: A Prospective Cohort Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roque Obreli-Neto ◽  
Alessandro Nobili ◽  
Divaldo Pereira De Lyra Júnior ◽  
Diogo Pilger ◽  
Camilo Molino Guidoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Elderly Outpatients ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) related to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in elderly outpatients who attended public primary healthcare units in a southeastern region of Brazil. The secondary objective was to investigate the possible predictors of DDI-related ADRs. Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted between November 1, 2010, and November 31, 2011, in the primary public healthcare system in the Ourinhos micro-region in Brazil. Patients who were at least 60 years old, with at least one potential DDI, were eligible for inclusion in the study. Eligible patients were assessed by clinical pharmacists for DDI-related ADRs for 4 months. The causality of DDI-related ADRs was assessed independently by four clinicians using three decisional algorithms. The incidence of DDI-related ADRs during the study period was calculated. Logistic regression analysis was used to study DDI-related ADR predictors. Results. A total of 433 patients completed the study. The incidence of DDI-related ADRs was 6.5%. A multivariate analysis indicated that the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) rose from 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75-1.12, p = 0.06) in patients aged 65-69 years to 4.40 (95% CI = 3.00-6.12, p < 0.01) in patients aged 80 years or older. Patients who presented two to three diagnosed diseases presented lower adjusted ORs (OR = 0.93 [95% CI = 0.68-1.18, p = 0.08]) than patients who presented six or more diseases (OR = 1.12 [95% CI = 1.02-2.01, p < 0.01]). Elderly patients who took five or more drugs had a significantly higher risk of DDI-related ADRs (OR = 2.72 [95% CI = 1.92-3.12, p < 0.01]) than patients who took three to four drugs (OR = 0.93 [95% CI = 0.74-1.11, p = 0.06]). No significant difference was found with regard to sex (OR = 1.08 [95% CI 0.48-2.02, p = 0.44]). Conclusion. The incidence of DDI-related ADRs in elderly outpatients was significant, and most of the events presented important clinical consequences. Because clinicians still have difficulty managing this problem, highlighting the factors that increase the risk of DDI-related ADRs is essential. Polypharmacy was found to be a significant predictor of DDI-related ADRs in our sample. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

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