Current Status of MHD Simulations for Space Weather

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-123
Author(s):  
Xueshang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Mhd Simulations

LOFAR4SW – Space Weather Science and Operations with LOFAR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Rothkaehl ◽  
Barbara Matyjasiak ◽  
Carla Baldovin ◽  
Mario Bisi ◽  
David Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Radio Telescope ◽  
Space Weather ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Areas Of Interest

<p>Space Weather (SW) research is a very important topic from the scientific, operational and civic society point of view. Knowledge of interactions in the Sun-Earth system, the physics behind observed SW phenomena, and its direct impact on modern technologies were and will be key areas of interest.  The LOFAR for Space Weather (LOFAR4SW) project aim is to prepare a novel tool which can bring new capabilities into this domain. The project is realised in the frame of a Horizon 2020 INFRADEV call.  The base for the project is the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) - the worlds largest low frequency radio telescope, with a dense core near Exloo in The Netherlands and many stations distributed both in the Netherlands and Europe wide with baselines up to 2000 km.  The final design of LOFAR4SW will provide a full conceptual and technical description of the LOFAR upgrade, to enable simultaneous operation as a radio telescope for astronomical research as well as an infrastructure working for Space Weather studies.  In this work we present the current status of the project, including examples of the capabilities of LOFAR4SW and the project timeline as we plan for the Critical Design Review later in 2021.</p>

scholarly journals From Sun to Earth: Multiscale MHD Simulations of Space Weather

2013 ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamas I. Gombosi ◽  
Darren L. Dezeeuw ◽  
Clinton P. T. Groth ◽  
Kenneth G. Powell ◽  
C. Robert Clauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Mhd Simulations

Reply to Comments by Tsurutani et al. on “Modeling Extreme ‘Carrington-Type’ Space Weather Events Using Three-Dimensional Global MHD Simulations”

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 1393-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chigomezyo M. Ngwira ◽  
Antti Pulkkinen ◽  
Maria M. Kuznetsova ◽  
Alex Glocer
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Type Space ◽  
Mhd Simulations ◽  
Weather Events

scholarly journals Predicting the geoeffective properties of coronal mass ejections: current status, open issues and path forward

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 (2148) ◽  
pp. 20180096 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vourlidas ◽  
S. Patsourakos ◽  
N. P. Savani
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Weather Impact ◽  
Solar Eruptions ◽  
Holding Back ◽  
Open Issues ◽  
Made In

Much progress has been made in the study of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), the main drivers of terrestrial space weather thanks to the deployment of several missions in the last decade. The flow of energy required to power solar eruptions is beginning to be understood. The initiation of CMEs is routinely observed with cadences of tens of seconds with arc-second resolution. Their inner heliospheric evolution can now be imaged and followed routinely. Yet relatively little progress has been made in predicting the geoeffectiveness of a particular CME. Why is that? What are the issues holding back progress in medium-term forecasting of space weather? To answer these questions, we review, here, the measurements, status and open issues on the main CME geoeffective parameters; namely, their entrained magnetic field strength and configuration, their Earth arrival time and speed, and their mass (momentum). We offer strategies for improving the accuracy of the measurements and their forecasting in the near and mid-term future. To spark further discussion, we incorporate our suggestions into a top-level draft action plan that includes suggestions for sensor deployment, technology development and modelling/theory improvements. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Solar eruptions and their space weather impact’.

scholarly journals A new technique for observationally derived boundary conditions for space weather

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. A26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Pagano ◽  
Duncan Hendry Mackay ◽  
Anthony Robinson Yeates
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Space Weather ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Magnetic Flux Ropes ◽  
Mhd Simulations ◽  
Flux Ropes

Context. In recent years, space weather research has focused on developing modelling techniques to predict the arrival time and properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) at the Earth. The aim of this paper is to propose a new modelling technique suitable for the next generation of Space Weather predictive tools that is both efficient and accurate. The aim of the new approach is to provide interplanetary space weather forecasting models with accurate time dependent boundary conditions of erupting magnetic flux ropes in the upper solar corona. Methods. To produce boundary conditions, we couple two different modelling techniques, MHD simulations and a quasi-static non-potential evolution model. Both are applied on a spatial domain that covers the entire solar surface, although they extend over a different radial distance. The non-potential model uses a time series of observed synoptic magnetograms to drive the non-potential quasi-static evolution of the coronal magnetic field. This allows us to follow the formation and loss of equilibrium of magnetic flux ropes. Following this a MHD simulation captures the dynamic evolution of the erupting flux rope, when it is ejected into interplanetary space. Results.The present paper focuses on the MHD simulations that follow the ejection of magnetic flux ropes to 4 R⊙. We first propose a technique for specifying the pre-eruptive plasma properties in the corona. Next, time dependent MHD simulations describe the ejection of two magnetic flux ropes, that produce time dependent boundary conditions for the magnetic field and plasma at 4 R⊙ that in future may be applied to interplanetary space weather prediction models. Conclusions. In the present paper, we show that the dual use of quasi-static non-potential magnetic field simulations and full time dependent MHD simulations can produce realistic inhomogeneous boundary conditions for space weather forecasting tools. Before a fully operational model can be produced there are a number of technical and scientific challenges that still need to be addressed. Nevertheless, we illustrate that coupling quasi-static and MHD simulations in this way can significantly reduce the computational time required to produce realistic space weather boundary conditions.

scholarly journals Impact of space weather on climate and habitability of terrestrial-type exoplanets

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Airapetian ◽  
R. Barnes ◽  
O. Cohen ◽  
G. A. Collinson ◽  
W. C. Danchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Exoplanetary Atmospheres ◽  
M Dwarf Stars

AbstractThe search for life in the Universe is a fundamental problem of astrobiology and modern science. The current progress in the detection of terrestrial-type exoplanets has opened a new avenue in the characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres and in the search for biosignatures of life with the upcoming ground-based and space missions. To specify the conditions favourable for the origin, development and sustainment of life as we know it in other worlds, we need to understand the nature of global (astrospheric), and local (atmospheric and surface) environments of exoplanets in the habitable zones (HZs) around G-K-M dwarf stars including our young Sun. Global environment is formed by propagated disturbances from the planet-hosting stars in the form of stellar flares, coronal mass ejections, energetic particles and winds collectively known as astrospheric space weather. Its characterization will help in understanding how an exoplanetary ecosystem interacts with its host star, as well as in the specification of the physical, chemical and biochemical conditions that can create favourable and/or detrimental conditions for planetary climate and habitability along with evolution of planetary internal dynamics over geological timescales. A key linkage of (astro)physical, chemical and geological processes can only be understood in the framework of interdisciplinary studies with the incorporation of progress in heliophysics, astrophysics, planetary and Earth sciences. The assessment of the impacts of host stars on the climate and habitability of terrestrial (exo)planets will significantly expand the current definition of the HZ to the biogenic zone and provide new observational strategies for searching for signatures of life. The major goal of this paper is to describe and discuss the current status and recent progress in this interdisciplinary field in light of presentations and discussions during the NASA Nexus for Exoplanetary System Science funded workshop ‘Exoplanetary Space Weather, Climate and Habitability’ and to provide a new roadmap for the future development of the emerging field of exoplanetary science and astrobiology.

scholarly journals Current status and possible extension of the global neutron monitor network

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Alexander Mishev ◽  
Ilya Usoskin
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Neutron Monitor ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Energetic Particles ◽  
Solar Energetic Particles ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Flight Altitude ◽  
Ground Level Enhancements

The global neutron monitor network has been successfully used over several decades to study cosmic ray variations and fluxes of energetic solar particles. Nowadays, it is used also for space weather purposes, e.g. alerts and assessment of the exposure to radiation. Here, we present the current status of the global neutron monitor network. We discuss the ability of the global neutron monitor network to study solar energetic particles, specifically during large ground level enhancements. We demonstrate as an example, the derived solar proton characteristics during ground level enhancements GLE #5 and the resulting effective dose over the globe at a typical commercial jet flight altitude of 40 kft (≈12,200 m) above sea level. We present a plan for improvement of space weather services and applications of the global neutron monitor network, specifically for studies related to solar energetic particles, namely an extension of the existing network with several new monitors. We discuss the ability of the optimized global neutron monitor network to study various populations of solar energetic particles and to provide reliable space weather services.

scholarly journals Modeling extreme “Carrington-type” space weather events using three-dimensional global MHD simulations

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 4456-4474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chigomezyo M. Ngwira ◽  
Antti Pulkkinen ◽  
Maria M. Kuznetsova ◽  
Alex Glocer
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Type Space ◽  
Mhd Simulations ◽  
Weather Events

scholarly journals A note on using thermally driven solar wind models in MHD space weather simulations

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (S274) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Pomoell ◽  
Rami Vainio
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Space Weather ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Polytropic Index ◽  
Shock Physics ◽  
Space Weather Forecasting ◽  
Mhd Simulations ◽  
Thermally Driven ◽  
Inner Heliosphere

AbstractOne of the challenges in constructing global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models of the inner heliosphere for, e.g., space weather forecasting purposes, is to correctly capture the acceleration and expansion of the solar wind. In many current models, the solar wind is driven by varying the polytropic index so that a desired heating is obtained. While such schemes can yield solar wind properties consistent with observations, they are not problem-free. In this work, we demonstrate by performing MHD simulations that altering the polytropic index affects the properties of propagating shocks significantly, which in turn affect the predicted space weather conditions. Thus, driving the solar wind with such a mechanism should be used with care in simulations where correctly capturing the shock physics is essential. As a remedy, we present a simple heating function formulation by which the polytropic wind can be used while still modeling the shock physics correctly.

scholarly journals Large Scale GPU Accelerated PPMLR-MHD Simulations for Space Weather Forecast

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Guo ◽  
Binbin Tang ◽  
Jian Tao ◽  
Zhaohui Huang ◽  
Zhihui Du
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Mhd Simulations
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