A chimeric open reading frame in the 5? flanking region of coxI mitochondrial DNA from cytoplasmic male-sterile wheat

1991 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold B. Rathburn ◽  
Charles Hedgcoth
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Flanking Region

Influence of nuclear background on transcription of a chimeric gene (orf256) and coxI in fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile wheats

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiasheng Song ◽  
Charles Hedgcoth
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Mitochondrial Rna ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Triticum Timopheevi ◽  
Nuclear Background ◽  
Flanking Region

Crosses between Triticum timopheevi, as maternal donor, and T. aestivum can lead to cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) plants. The T. timopheevi derived mitochondrial DNA from parental, cms, and fertility-restored lines differs from that of T. aestivum derived mtDNA in the coxI gene region. Our previous results for cms lines showed that there is an open reading frame, orf256, upstream from coxI in T. timopheevi derived mtDNA that is not present in T. aestivum DNA. The 5′ flanking region and the first 33 nucleotides of the coding region of orf256 are identical to the corresponding region of T. aestivum coxI, whereas the rest of orf256, including the 3′ flank, is not related to coxI. Also, the organization of orf256 and coxI on a HindIII fragment from T. timopheevi derived mtDNA are identical in T. timopheevi, cms, and fertility-restored lines. We now report that the DNA sequence of orf256 is identical in T. timopheevi, cms, and fertility-restored lines. Major transcripts in cms and fertility-restored lines encode both orf256 and coxI with 5′ termini like coxI mRNA of T. aestivum, whereas parental mitochondria from T. timopheevi have major transcripts with 5′ termini within the orf256 coding region. Mitochondria from cms and fertility-restored lines have the potential to produce a protein that would not be present in parental T. timopheevi or in T. aestivum.Key words: cytoplasmic male sterility, wheat, mitochondrial DNA, mitochondrial RNA, coxI.

scholarly journals Engineering the AEG1 promoter from cotton to develop male sterile lines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamlesh Kumar Soni ◽  
Amita Kush Mehrotra ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Burma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Tissue Specificity ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Gene Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Regulatory Module

This work reports on modifying the Upstream Regulatory Module (URM, 1.5 Kb region upstream of the open reading frame) of Anther Expressing Gene 1 (AEG1) from cotton to achieve anther specific activity. AEG1 was identified in a previous study aimed to isolate a promoter with tapetum specific activity. Such a promoter could then be used to express barnase and barstar genes for developing male sterile and restorer lines for hybrid seed production in cotton. The AEG1 URM was observed to be active in tapetum as well as in roots making it unusable to drive the expression of barnase gene. Analysis of the URM showed the presence of several root specific motifs. Two modified AEG1 URMs were developed, by removing or mutating these motifs and its activity checked in tobacco. The activity of one of the modified URMs, AEG1(DelBmut) was restricted to the anther tissue as observed using the reporter gene beta-glucuronidase. The study also demonstrates that male sterile lines could be developed in tobacco using the AEG1(DelBmut) URM to express the barnase gene. This work thus shows the possibility of engineering promoters to achieve tissue specificity and to develop male sterile lines in cotton.

scholarly journals An Upstream Open Reading Frame and the Context of the Two AUG Codons Affect the Abundance of Mitochondrial and Nuclear RNase H1

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (21) ◽  
pp. 5123-5134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Suzuki ◽  
J. Bradley Holmes ◽  
Susana M. Cerritelli ◽  
Kiran Sakhuja ◽  
Michal Minczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Upstream Open Reading Frame ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Dual Localization ◽  
Control Of Expression

ABSTRACT RNase H1 in mammalian cells is present in nuclei and mitochondria. Its absence in mitochondria results in embryonic lethality due to the failure to amplify mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Dual localization to mitochondria and nuclei results from differential translation initiation at two in-frame AUGs (M1 and M27) of a single mRNA. Here we show that expression levels of the two isoforms depend on the efficiency of translation initiation at each AUG codon and on the presence of a short upstream open reading frame (uORF) resulting in the mitochondrial isoform being about 10% as abundant as the nuclear form. Translation initiation at the M1 AUG is restricted by the uORF, while expression of the nuclear isoform requires reinitiation of ribosomes at the M27 AUG after termination of uORF translation or new initiation by ribosomes skipping the uORF and the M1 AUG. Such translational organization of RNase H1 allows tight control of expression of RNase H1 in mitochondria, where its excess or absence can lead to cell death, without affecting the expression of the nuclear RNase H1.

Mitochondrial DNA of cytoplasmic male-sterile Triticum timopheevi: rearrangement of upstream sequences of the atp6 and orf25 genes

1993 ◽  
Vol 86-86 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mohr ◽  
E. Schulte-Kappert ◽  
W. Odenbach ◽  
G. Oettler ◽  
U. Kück
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Triticum Timopheevi
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