Evaluation of somaclonal variation during somatic embryogenesis of interior spruce (Picea glauca engelmannii complex) using culture morphology and isozyme analysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.AnnK. Eastman ◽  
FionaB. Webster ◽  
JackA. Pitel ◽  
DaneR. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Isozyme Analysis ◽  
Interior Spruce ◽  
Culture Morphology

Polyamine biosynthesis during somatic embryogenesis in interior spruce (Picea glauca x Picea engelmannii complex)

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vindhya Amarasinghe ◽  
Rajwinder Dhami ◽  
John E. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Picea Engelmannii ◽  
Polyamine Biosynthesis ◽  
Interior Spruce

Polyamine biosynthesis during somatic embryogenesis in interior spruce (Picea glauca�Picea engelmannii complex)

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vindhya Amarasinghe ◽  
John E. Carlson ◽  
Rajwinder Dhami
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Picea Engelmannii ◽  
Polyamine Biosynthesis ◽  
Interior Spruce

scholarly journals Stock Quality Assessment of a Somatic Interior Spruce Seedlot

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Grossnickle ◽  
Raymund Folk
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Interior Spruce ◽  
Stock Quality ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Assessment Performance

Abstract Somatic embryogenesis is a form of vegetative propagation that uses tissue culture procedures to rapidly multiply elite genotypes of a selected tree species. Somatic embryogenesis technology still is considered novel by the forest industry for use within forest regeneration programs. In this article, a stock quality testing approach was used to compare a somatic seedlot to comparable zygotic seedlots. The somatic seedlot was comprised of interior spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss × Picea engelmannii Parry ex. Engelm.) crosses (PG × PG), white spruce (P. glauca (Moench) Voss) crosses (ENA × ENA), or a mixture thereof (PG × ENA or ENA × PG). This somatic seedlot was compared to zygotic orchard-collected seedlots that shared partial parentage with the somatic seedlot. Seedlings produced from all seedlots were container-grown under standard nursery cultural procedures. Height and rootcollar diameter were measured on all seedlots. Shoot growth potential (i.e., length of new leader elongation) and root growth capacity were measured under controlled environment conditions. Mean height and diameter of the somatic and zygotic seedlots fell within a similar range that met operational grading criteria for a plantable seedling. The somatic and zygotic seedlots also had similar shoot and root growth capability. Comparable stock quality assessment performance between the somatic and zygotic seedlots indicated that somatic embryogenesis is a viable vegetative propagation technology for producing seedlings suitable for reforestation programs. North. J. Appl. For. 22(3):197–202.

Frost hardiness, height, and dormancy of 15 short-day, nursery-treated interior spruce seed lots

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1096-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
C DB Hawkins ◽  
K B Shewan
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Frost Hardiness ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Interior Spruce ◽  
Day Nursery

Fifteen seed lots, five each from natural-stand, seed-orchard, and full-sib collections, of interior spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm., and their naturally occurring hybrids) were sown in February 1993. One half of each seed lot received an ambient photoperiod (control) treatment, while the other half got a blackout (short-day) treatment. All seedlings were grown under ambient photoperiod except during the 17 days of blackout. Frost hardiness assessments were done between July and May. Blackout treatment was effective in regulating height and promoting frost hardiness in all seed lots, particularly vigorous ones. Seed lots originating from high latitude or elevation were more frost hardy both at fall lift and spring planting. Full-sib seed lots from similar latitude displayed no elevational frost-hardiness trend. Blackout treatment promoted seedling dormancy (estimated with days to bud break) at lift, but it had little or no effect on dormancy at planting. Seedling dormancy and frost hardiness were acquired and lost differently, suggesting that they are independent physiological processes. Blackout treatment significantly reduced new roots at planting in all lots. This could retard early field performance and negate the apparent utility of blackout treatment.

scholarly journals Planted stock performance 10 years after partial cutting in west-central British Columbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Waterhouse ◽  
E. C. Wallich ◽  
N. M. Daintith ◽  
H. M. Armleder
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Partial Harvest ◽  
Interior Spruce

Mature lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) forests were harvested using group selection (GS) (0.02-ha openings) and irregular group shelterwood (IGS) (0.05-ha openings) systems to maintain arboreal and terrestrial lichens in the winter range of northern woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou). Ten years after planting, lodgepole pine showed excellent survival, but were smaller in the partial cut openings compared to the clearcuts. Pine grew less in the Sub-Boreal Pine–Spruce biogeoclimatic subzone (SBPSxc) than in the Montane Spruce subzone (MSxv), and trees were smaller in the GS versus IGS treatment within the MSxv subzone. Interior spruce (Picea glauca × engelmannii) grew best in the MSxv and partial cut treatments, but was significantly affected by summer frost in the clearcuts. In an operational-scale Adaptive Management trial, openings were enlarged to 0.15 ha, and both pine and spruce showed excellent survival, minimal frost damage, and 10-year size similar to clearcut conditions. This study suggests that lodgepole pine and interior spruce can be successfully regenerated in partial cut openings with acceptable growth in gaps of 0.15 ha. Key words: caribou, group selection, interior spruce, irregular group shelterwood, light level, lodgepole pine, Montane Spruce zone, partial harvest, soil moisture, soil temperature, Sub-Boreal Pine Spruce zone, summer frost

Interior spruce seedlings compared with emblings produced from somatic embryogenesis. II. Stock quality assessment prior to field planting

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1385-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Grossnickle ◽  
J.E. Major
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Performance Potential ◽  
Root Temperature ◽  
Turgor Loss Point ◽  
Interior Spruce ◽  
Stock Quality

Interior spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss × Piceaengelmannii Parry) seedlings and emblings produced through somatic embryogenesis tissue culture were removed from frozen storage and tested with a stock quality assessment procedure prior to spring planting. Seedlings, compared with emblings, had greater height as well as shoot and root dry weights. Seedlings and emblings had similar root-collar diameter, buds per total shoot length, and needle primordia in their terminal buds. Seedlings and emblings had similar shoot form (i.e., branch quotient) and balance between their shoot and root system (i.e., plant water balance ratio). Emblings, compared with seedlings, had a lower osmotic potential at turgor loss point and symplastic fraction, plus a higher dry weight fraction and total turgor. Seedlings and emblings had similar osmotic potential at saturation and relative water content at turgor loss point. Seedlings and emblings had similar resistance to water movement through the plant–atmosphere continuum (Rpac) at 22 °C root temperature, though emblings had greater Rpac at 7.5 °C root temperature. Seedlings had greater net photosynthesis (Pn) than emblings over a 14-day period at both 7.5 and 22 °C root temperatures. Seedlings, compared with emblings, had greater root development over a 14-day period at 22 °C root temperature, though they had low and similar root development at 7.5 °C root temperature. Both Pn and needle conductance (gwv) decreased as predawn shoot water potential (Ψpd) declined in seedlings and emblings. Nearly complete stomatal closure occurred at Ψpd less than −1.5 MPa, while similarly low Pn readings (seedlings: −0.01 ± 0.04 μmol•m−2•s−1; emblings: 0.02 + 0.04 μmol•m−2•s−1) occurred between a Ψpd of −1.0 and −2.0 MPa. A performance potential index (PPI), which combines material and performance attributes in a comprehensive characterization of field performance potential, indicated that seedlings had a better PPI under optimum environmental conditions. However, seedlings and emblings had similar PPI under low temperature and drought conditions.

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