Improving grain yield in backcross populations from Avena sativa � A. sterilis matings by using independent culling for harvest index and vegetative growth index or unit straw weight

1987 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Takeda ◽  
K. J. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Independent Culling ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Vegetative Growth Index

Changes in mean, variance, and covariation among agronomic traits in successive backcross generations of interspecific matings (Avena sativa L. × A. sterilis L.) of oats

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Takeda ◽  
T. B. Bailey ◽  
K. J. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Interspecific Mating ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Genotypic Correlations

F2-derived lines from BC0 through BC5 of eight Avena sativa × A. sterilis matings were evaluated for days to heading, plant height, biomass, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index, vegetative growth rate, and unit straw weight. The, A. sativa lines were used as the recurrent parents in all backcrosses. The evaluation experiment was conducted in a randomized-block design with two replicates and microplots each sown with 30 seeds. For summary purposes, the means, variances, and genotypic correlations from the four matings with the same recurrent parent were pooled within each level of backcrossing. Regression analyses were used to describe the rates of change for genotypic variances and correlations as number of backcrosses increased. In all matings, the trait means regressed toward the recurrent parents as backcrossing progressed. Harvest index was controlled by additive gene action; earliness was partially dominant and tallness was completely dominant; heterobeltiosis occurred for high vegetative growth rate; straw yield and biomass showed either heterobeltiosis or complete dominance; and high grain yield was partially dominant. Unit straw weight showed a positive heterobeltiosis. Log genotypic variances decreased significantly over backcrosses for days to heading, straw yield, and harvest index, whereas for plant height and unit straw weight, the reductions were not significant. Regressions of genotypic correlations were significant for only 12 of 56 trait associations, and changes that did occur were of little consequence.Key words: backcross, interspecific mating, oats.

Contribution of growth rate and harvest index to grain yield of oats (Avena sativa L.) following selfing and outcrossing of M1 plants

Euphytica ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Jalani ◽  
K. J. Frey ◽  
T. B. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Yield Of Oats

CONTRIBUTION OF GROWTH RATE AND HARVEST INDEX TO GRAIN YIELD IN F9-DERIVED LINES OF OATS (AVENA SATIVA L.)

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. TAKEDA ◽  
K. J. FREY ◽  
T. B. BAILEY
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Genotypic Correlations ◽  
Day Plot

The contributions of growth rate (GR) and harvest index (HI) to grain yield (GYD) were studied using 1200 F9-derived lines of oats tested for 2 yr. Heritability ranged from 20 to 40% for GYD, GR, and HI. Genotypic correlations of GYD with GR were ca. 0.7 and with HI ca. 0.3. More than 95% of GYD variation was due to GR and HI. An increase of 0.1 g/day/plot GR would result in a 14% increase in GYD, and a 5% increase of HI would cause an 18–19% increase in GYD. GR was positively correlated with heading date and plant height, and negatively with HI.

scholarly journals Competitive Capacity of Native Species From the Carajás National Forest, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Rafael G. Viana ◽  
Kaléo D. Pereira ◽  
Alexandre F. Castilho ◽  
Yanna K. S. Costa ◽  
Cintia H. Marega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Infestation Density ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Exotic Grass ◽  
Vegetative Growth Index

The present research had the objective to use the factor analysis in the evaluation of the competitive capacity of three native species from the Carajás National Forest in competition with different plant densities of the Urochloa brizantha grass. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse and consisted in planting pots with the native species Bauhinia longipedicellata, Mimosa acutistipula and Solanum crinitum in competition with the exotic grass Urochloa brizantha. The exotic grass was established at densities ranging from 1 to 5 plants per pot, composing a 3 × 5 factorial arrangement with four replications that were delineated completely at random. Data were submitted to factor analysis for further analysis of variance and Tukey’s test at a 0.05 level of significance with the extracted factors. The effects of U. brizantha densities were evaluated by regression analysis. Out of the four extracted factors, three could be interpreted and were defined as vegetative growth index, infestation density index and physiological quality index. The Solanum crinitum species was slightly greater than the others in terms of vegetative growth rate and physiological quality. Generally speaking, native species maintain their vegetative growth in competitive conditions with up to two Urochloa brizantha plants; above that, the vegetative growth index tends to zero, while the infestation density index becomes positive.

The predictive value of parental, F1 and early generation hill-plot testing for yield among rapidly advanced hexaploid triticales

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Trethowan ◽  
NL Darvey
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Hill Plot ◽  
Plot Yield ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Large Plot ◽  
Rapid Generation ◽  
Hill Plots

Rapid generation turnover techniques were used to identify parental, single cross or backcross populations with yield potential in triticale. Both complete (complete rye genome) and substituted (2D/2R substitution) triticale karyotypes were crossed. Temperature and light controlled greenhouses, immature seed germination, embryo culture and off season nurseries were used to advance three generations in 11 months. Due to seed limitations in the early generations, hill-plots were used to measure total dry matter, grain yield and harvest index. Mid-parent, F2 and F3 hill-plot yield was equivalent to or better than dry matter and harvest index for the prediction of F4 hill-plot yield. Both hill-plot yield (r = 0.54) and dry matter (r = 0-51) were significantly correlated (P < 0.01) with large plot grain yield at the same site in the same year. The best predictors of F4 hill-plot yield were mid-parent, F2 and F3 mean hill-plot yield with phenotypic correlations of 0- 26� 0.17, 0.3510 -03 and 0.44� 0.06 respectively. The F1 (r = -0.02�0.12) provided no association with F4 hill-plot yield, reflecting the high average heterosis for yield (22%) observed in this material. Mid-parent, F2, F3 and F4 dry matter and yield means were significantly lower in inter-karyotypic crosses than intra-karyotypic crosses; however, the relationship between generations appeared to be independent of karyotype. A response to visual selection of individual spikes from hill-plots was obtained at two sites for dry matter and grain yield.

Genetic control of vegetative growth index in oats (Avena spp.)

1983 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Helsel ◽  
K. J. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Vegetative Growth Index

scholarly journals Inheritance of Vegetative Growth Index and Related Traits in Pearl Millet

Crop Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Lynch ◽  
E. W. Rattunde ◽  
K. J. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Vegetative Growth Index
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