Effect of an electric field on the normal propagation velocity of a flame

1976 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. D'yachkov ◽  
I. Ya. Polonskii ◽  
A. S. Klimov
Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1664
Author(s):  
Nikolai G. Lehtinen ◽  
Robert Marskar

Electric streamer discharges (streamers) in the air are a very important stage of lightning, taking place before formation of the leader discharge, and with which an electric discharge starts from conducting objects which enhance the background electric field, such as airplanes. Despite years of research, it is still not well understood what mechanism determines the values of a streamer’s parameters, such as its radius and propagation velocity. The novel Streamer Parameter Model (SPM) was made to explain this mechanism, and to provide a way to efficiently calculate streamer parameters. Previously, we demonstrated that SPM results compared well with a limited set of experimental data. In this article, we compare SPM predictions to the published hydrodynamic simulation (HDS) results.


2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 3463-3470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Sánchez-Sanz ◽  
Daniel C. Murphy ◽  
C. Fernandez-Pello

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Shimohata ◽  
M. Morita ◽  
H. Yoshimura ◽  
T. Hirao ◽  
K. Suzuki ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
G. F. Rempfer

In photoelectron microscopy (PEM), also called photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM), the image is formed by electrons which have been liberated from the specimen by ultraviolet light. The electrons are accelerated by an electric field before being imaged by an electron lens system. The specimen is supported on a planar electrode (or the electrode itself may be the specimen), and the accelerating field is applied between the specimen, which serves as the cathode, and an anode. The accelerating field is essentially uniform except for microfields near the surface of the specimen and a diverging field near the anode aperture. The uniform field forms a virtual image of the specimen (virtual specimen) at unit lateral magnification, approximately twice as far from the anode as is the specimen. The diverging field at the anode aperture in turn forms a virtual image of the virtual specimen at magnification 2/3, at a distance from the anode of 4/3 the specimen distance. This demagnified virtual image is the object for the objective stage of the lens system.


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