Analytic solutions for contaminant transport under nonequilibrium conditions

1995 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Manoranjan
Keyword(s):  
Contaminant Transport ◽  
Analytic Solutions ◽  
Nonequilibrium Conditions

Microstructural observations of the “Wustite-Spinel” coexistence following quenching of cation-excess spinels, Ni2(1+x)Ti1-xO4

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1058-1059
Author(s):  
Ian M. Anderson ◽  
Arnulf Muan ◽  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
Film Growth ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Coexistence Of Phases ◽  
Nonequilibrium Conditions ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Spinel Structures ◽  
Highly Porous ◽  
Standard Techniques

Oxide mixtures which feature a coexistence of phases with the wüstite and spinel structures are considered model systems for the study of solid-state reaction kinetics, phase boundaries, and thin-film growth, and such systems are especially suited to TEM studies. (In this paper, the terms “wüstite” and “spinel” will refer to phases of those structure types.) The study of wüstite-spinel coexistence has been limited mostly to systems near their equilibrium condition, where the assumptions of local thermodynamic equilibrium are valid. The cation-excess spinels of the type Ni2(1+x)Ti1-xO4, which reportedly exist only above 1375°C4, provide an excellent system for the study of wüstite-spinel coexistence under highly nonequilibrium conditions. The nature of these compounds has been debated in the literature. X-ray and neutron powder diffraction patterns have been used to advocate the existence of a single-phase, non- stoichiometric spinel. TEM studies of the microstructure have been used to suggest equilibrium coexistence of a stoichiometric spinel, Ni2TiO4, and a wüstite phase; this latter study has shown a coexistence of wüstite and spinel phases in specimens thought to have been composed of a single, non- stoichiometric spinel phase. The microstructure and nature of this phase coexistence is the focus of this study. Specimens were prepared by ball-milling a mixture of NiO and TiO2 powders with 10 wt.% TiO2. The mixture was fired in air at 1483°C for 5 days, and then quenched to room temperature. The aggregate thus produced was highly porous, and needed to be infiltrated prior to TEM sample preparation, which was performed using the standard techniques of lapping, dimpling, and ion milling.

HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN REACTIVE POROUS MEDIA WITH LOCAL NONEQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bousri ◽  
Khedidja Bouhadef ◽  
H. Beji ◽  
Rachid Bennacer ◽  
R. Nebbali
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Nonequilibrium Conditions

A detailed contaminant transport model for facility hazard assessment in urban areas

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohdan Cybyk ◽  
Jay Boris ◽  
Theodore Young, Jr. ◽  
Charles Lind ◽  
Alexandra Landsberg
Keyword(s):  
Contaminant Transport ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transport Model
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