Observational evidence of interannual to decadal-scale variability of the subsurface temperature-salinity structure of the world ocean

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 495-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney Levitus ◽  
John Antonov
Keyword(s):  
World Ocean ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Subsurface Temperature ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Salinity Structure

scholarly journals Is the World Ocean Warming? Upper-Ocean Temperature Trends: 1950–2000

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Harrison ◽  
Mark Carson
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Structure ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Upper Ocean ◽  
Ocean Temperature ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Subsurface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
The World

Abstract Subsurface temperature trends in the better-sampled parts of the World Ocean are reported. Where there are sufficient observations for this analysis, there is large spatial variability of 51-yr trends in the upper ocean, with some regions showing cooling in excess of 3°C, and others warming of similar magnitude. Some 95% of the ocean area analyzed has both cooled and warmed over 20-yr subsets of this period. There is much space and time variability of 20-yr running trend estimates, indicating that trends over a decade or two may not be representative of longer-term trends. Results are based on sorting individual observations in World Ocean Database 2001 into 1° × 1° and 2° × 2° bins. Only bins with at least five observations per decade for four of the five decades since 1950 are used. Much of the World Ocean cannot be examined from this perspective. The 51-yr trends significant at the 90% level are given particular attention. Results are presented for depths of 100, 300, and 500 m. The patterns of the 90% significant trends are spatially coherent on scales resolved by the bin size. The vertical structure of the trends is coherent in some regions, but changes sign between the analysis depths in a number of others. It is suggested that additional attention should be given to uncertainty estimates for basin average and World Ocean average thermal trends.

scholarly journals Sea Change: The World Ocean Circulation Experiment and the Productive Limits of Ocean Variability

2020 ◽  
pp. 016224392094993
Author(s):  
Jessica Lehman
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Climate Modeling ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Ocean Variability ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
World Ocean Circulation Experiment

The ability to quantify the relationship between the ocean and the atmosphere is an enduring challenge for global-scale science. This paper analyzes the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE, 1990–2002), an international oceanographic program that aimed to provide data for decadal-scale climate modeling and for the first time produce a “snapshot” of ocean circulation against which future change could be measured. WOCE was an ambitious project that drew on extensive international collaboration and emerging technologies that continue to play a significant role in how the global environment is known and governed. However, a main outcome of WOCE was an encounter with ocean variability: the notion that the ocean is governed not by the circular currents shown in the popular “conveyor-belt” diagram but by eddies, filaments, jets, and other nonlinear forces. This paper suggests the concept of “productive limits” as an analytic for understanding how ocean variability both prompted new forms of knowledge and the development of a global knowledge infrastructure that is contingent, uneven, and fully entwined with geopolitical dynamics.

scholarly journals Observational evidence of alternating zonal jets in the world ocean

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai A. Maximenko ◽  
Bohyun Bang ◽  
Hideharu Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
World Ocean ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Zonal Jets ◽  
The World

California and the World Ocean '02

2005 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Ocean ◽  
The World

Kazakhstan’s Economic Growth in the Context of the World Economy

2006 ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Crude Petroleum ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Kazakhstan’s economic policy results in 1995-2005 are considered in the article. In particular, the analysis of the relationship between economic growth and some indicators of nation states - population, territory, direct access to the World Ocean, and extraction of crude petroleum - is presented. Basic problems in the sphere of economic policy in Kazakhstan are formulated.

Coverage Range of Shipborne Centimeter Wave Navigation Radars: Regional Experimental Studies in the World Ocean

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
I. M. Mytsenko ◽  
Stanislav I. Khomenko
Keyword(s):  
World Ocean ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Centimeter Wave ◽  
The World

ON EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF THERMAL AND WIND FACTORS FOR A PHYSICAL MODEL OF THE WORLD OCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
V. G. Neiman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Model ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The main content of the work consists of certain systematization and addition of longexisting, but eventually deformed and partly lost qualitative ideas about the role of thermal and wind factors that determine the physical mechanism of the World Ocean’s General Circulation System (OGCS). It is noted that the conceptual foundations of the theory of the OGCS in one form or another are contained in the works of many well-known hydrophysicists of the last century, but the aggregate, logically coherent description of the key factors determining the physical model of the OGCS in the public literature is not so easy to find. An attempt is made to clarify and concretize some general ideas about the two key blocks that form the basis of an adequate physical model of the system of oceanic water masses motion in a climatic scale. Attention is drawn to the fact that when analyzing the OGCS it is necessary to take into account not only immediate but also indirect effects of thermal and wind factors on the ocean surface. In conclusion, it is noted that, in the end, by the uneven flow of heat to the surface of the ocean can be explained the nature of both external and almost all internal factors, in one way or another contributing to the excitation of the general, or climatic, ocean circulation.

Revised Chronology of Neogene DSDP Holes from the World Ocean

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lazarus ◽  
C. Spencer-Cervato ◽  
M. Pika-Biolzi ◽  
J.P. Beckmann ◽  
K. von Salis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Ocean ◽  
The World
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