Role of sulfhydryl groups of nicotine-like cholinergic receptors in the mechanism of action of neostigmine

Peptic ulcer disease, the most common gastrointestinal disorder, is currently treated with several types of drugs, but all have severe side effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of juanislamin, isolated from Calea urticifolia, in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Thirty minutes after orally administering a given dose of juanislamin (from 1 to 30 mg/kg) or carbenoxolone (the reference drug, at 1–100 mg/kg) to rats, 1 mL of ethanol was applied, and the animals were sacrificed 2 h later. The stomachs were removed and opened to measure the total area of lesions in each. To examine the possible participation of prostaglandins, nitric oxide and/or sulfhydryl groups in the mechanism of action of juanislamin, the rats received indomethacin, NG-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) or N-ethylmaleimide pretreatment, respectively, before being given juanislamin and undergoing the rest of the methodology. Juanislamin inhibited gastric lesions produced by ethanol in a non-dose-dependent manner, showing the maximum gastroprotective effect (100%) at 10 mg/kg. The activity of juanislamin was not modified by pretreatment with indomethacin, l-NAME or N-ethylmaleimide. In conclusion, juanislamin protected the gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced damage, and its mechanism of action apparently does not involve prostaglandins, nitric oxide or sulfhydryl groups.

Download Full-text

SOME ASPECTS OF THE FUNCTION OF FSH- AND LH-LIKE HORMONES IN NORMAL AND HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED FEMALE RATS, IN CONNECTION WITH RESERPINE ADMINISTRATION

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0490028 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 28-38

Author(s):

M. Grönroos ◽

E. Mäkinen ◽

K. Lahtinen ◽

R. Tirri

Keyword(s):

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Biological Effect ◽

Female Rats ◽

Histological Picture ◽

Peripheral Effect ◽

Pituitary Secretion

ABSTRACT The effect of reserpine on the secretion of FSH and LH was studied as well as the role of the peripheral effect of reserpine after hypophysectomy. The results in the unoperated animals suggest that reserpine inhibits the pituitary secretion of both FSH and LH. Both these hormones combined with reserpine had a very different biological effect than was seen without reserpine. HCG (LH-like) and particularly PMS (FSH-like) hormones combined with reserpine caused definite enlargement of the ovaries. In the hypophysectomized groups, the effect of the PMS and HCG hormones administered together with reserpine or without it was the same with regard to the weight of the ovaries, but not with regard to their histological picture. On the basis of these results, reserpine may be said to have a peripheral effect although the nature of its mechanism of action is difficult to state. Reserpine probably affects the ovaries by inhibiting the follicular cycle and, consequently, the formation of new and more mature follicles.

Download Full-text

Role of Flavonoids in Neurodegenerative Disorders with Special Emphasis on Tangeritin

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871527318666190916141934 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 581-597 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ambreen Fatima ◽

Yasir Hasan Siddique

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Plant Polyphenols ◽

Promising Candidate ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

The Brain

Flavonoids are naturally occurring plant polyphenols found universally in all fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants. They have emerged as a promising candidate in the formulation of treatment strategies for various neurodegenerative disorders. The use of flavonoid rich plant extracts and food in dietary supplementation have shown favourable outcomes. The present review describes the types, properties and metabolism of flavonoids. Neuroprotective role of various flavonoids and the possible mechanism of action in the brain against the neurodegeneration have been described in detail with special emphasis on the tangeritin.

Download Full-text