Role of intracortical inhibition in orientation tuning dynamics in the cat striate cortex neurons

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Shevelev ◽  
U. T. Eysel ◽  
N. A. Lazareva ◽  
G. A. Sharaev
Keyword(s):  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Intracortical Inhibition ◽  
Orientation Tuning ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex

The contribution of intracortical inhibition to dynamics of orientation tuning in cat striate cortex neurons

Neuroscience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A Shevelev ◽  
U.T Eysel ◽  
N.A Lazareva ◽  
G.A Sharaev
Keyword(s):  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Intracortical Inhibition ◽  
Orientation Tuning ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex

Dynamics of orientation tuning in the cat striate cortex neurons

Neuroscience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. Shevelev ◽  
G.A. Sharaev ◽  
N.A. Lazareva ◽  
R.V. Novikova ◽  
A.S. Tikhomirov
Keyword(s):  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Orientation Tuning ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex

The role of visual experience in the development of cat striate cortex

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 103-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut V. B. Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Visual Experience ◽  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex

Plasticity of neuronal response properties in adult cat striate cortex

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. MCLEAN ◽  
L.A. PALMER
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Direction Selectivity ◽  
Orientation Tuning ◽  
Tuning Curves ◽  
Spatial Phase ◽  
Associative Conditioning ◽  
Phase Tuning ◽  
Adult Cat ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex

We have utilized an associative conditioning paradigm to induce changes in the receptive field (RF) properties of neurons in the adult cat striate cortex. During conditioning, the presentation of particular visual stimuli were repeatedly paired with the iontophoretic application of either GABA or glutamate to control postsynaptic firing rates. Similar paradigms have been used in kitten visual cortex to alter RF properties (Fregnac et al., 1988, 1992; Greuel et al., 1988; Shulz & Fregnac, 1992). Roughly half of the cells that were subjected to conditioning with stimuli differing in orientation were found to have orientation tuning curves that were significantly altered. In general, the modification in orientation tuning was not accompanied by a shift in preferred orientation, but rather, responsiveness to stimuli at or near the positively reinforced orientation was increased relative to controls, and responsiveness to stimuli at or near the negatively reinforced orientation was decreased relative to controls. A similar proportion of cells that were subjected to conditioning with stimuli differing in spatial phase were found to have spatial-phase tuning curves that were significantly modified. Conditioning stimuli typically differed by 90 deg in spatial phase, but modifications in spatial-phase angle were generally 30–40 deg. An interesting phenomenon we encountered was that during conditioning, cells often developed a modulated response to counterphased grating stimuli presented at the null spatial phase. We present an example of a simple cell for which the shift in preferred spatial phase measured with counterphased grating stimuli was comparable to the shift in spatial phase computed from a one-dimensional Gabor fit of the space-time RF profile. One of ten cells tested had a significant change in direction selectivity following associative conditioning. The specific and predictable modifications of RF properties induced by our associative conditioning procedure demonstrate the ability of mature visual cortical neurons to alter their integrative properties. Our results lend further support to models of synaptic plasticity where temporal correlations between presynaptic and postsynaptic activity levels control the efficiency of transmission at existing synapses, and to the idea that the mature visual cortex is, in some sense, dynamically organized.

Interrelation of Tuning Characteristics in Striate Neurons Sensitive to Cross and Corner

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 227-227
Author(s):  
N A Lazareva ◽  
I A Shevelev ◽  
G A Sharaev ◽  
R V Novikova ◽  
A S Tikhomirov
Keyword(s):  
Direct Relationship ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Orientation Tuning ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Tuning Width ◽  
Striate Neurons ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex

In the cat striate cortex we have found 56 out of 174 neurons that respond on average by a threefold increase of the responses to cross-like or corner figures flashing in the receptive field in comparison to those to a single light bar of preferred orientation. For 27/56 of these neurons tuning to both cross and corner was investigated. 18/27 neurons responded to both stimuli, while 3/27 cells were sensitive only to cross and 6/27 only to corner. The width, selectivity, and quality of tuning to orientation did not differ on average for stimulation by the bar and figures of both types. The characteristics of tuning to the shape of a figure (the angle between its lines) were about the same for cross and corner. We have found a direct relationship between the orientation tuning width, selectivity and quality for bar, cross, and corner. The relationships between the characteristics of tuning to the shape of a figure were found to be rather more complex. Thus, among 18 cells sensitive to both cross and corner we never met a high selectivity to cross, whereas that was typical for the selectivity to corner. Of the cells sensitive to cross, 35/46 responded to figures with angles of 45° or 90° between the lines, and the rest (11/46) responded to a cross with an angle of 67.5°. The neurons sensitive to corner responded most often to the angle of 67.5° (9/26) and in nearly equal but lower proportion to all other angles. The functional implication of neuronal sensitivity to cross and corner figures is discussed.

The role of binocular neurons in the cat striate cortex in combining information from the two eyes

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. von Grünau ◽  
W. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Combining Information ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex

Role of visual experience in postcritical-period reversal of effects of monocular deprivation in cat striate cortex

1978 ◽  
Vol 178 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Smith ◽  
Peter D. Spear ◽  
Kenneth E. Kratz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Experience ◽  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Monocular Deprivation ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex

scholarly journals Collicular Vision Guides Nonconscious Behavior

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 888-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Tamietto ◽  
Franco Cauda ◽  
Luca Latini Corazzini ◽  
Silvia Savazzi ◽  
Carlo A. Marzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Experience ◽  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Visual Signals ◽  
Visually Guided ◽  
Visuomotor Integration ◽  
Motor Processing ◽  
Pupillary Responses ◽  
Cortex Area ◽  
Extrastriate Areas

Following destruction or deafferentation of primary visual cortex (area V1, striate cortex), clinical blindness ensues, but residual visual functions may, nevertheless, persist without perceptual consciousness (a condition termed blindsight). The study of patients with such lesions thus offers a unique opportunity to investigate what visual capacities are mediated by the extrastriate pathways that bypass V1. Here we provide evidence for a crucial role of the collicular–extrastriate pathway in nonconscious visuomotor integration by showing that, in the absence of V1, the superior colliculus (SC) is essential to translate visual signals that cannot be consciously perceived into motor outputs. We found that a gray stimulus presented in the blind field of a patient with unilateral V1 loss, although not consciously seen, can influence his behavioral and pupillary responses to consciously perceived stimuli in the intact field (implicit bilateral summation). Notably, this effect was accompanied by selective activations in the SC and in occipito-temporal extrastriate areas. However, when instead of gray stimuli we presented purple stimuli, which predominantly draw on S-cones and are thus invisible to the SC, any evidence of implicit visuomotor integration disappeared and activations in the SC dropped significantly. The present findings show that the SC acts as an interface between sensory and motor processing in the human brain, thereby providing a contribution to visually guided behavior that may remain functionally and anatomically segregated from the geniculo-striate pathway and entirely outside conscious visual experience.

Favored patterns in spike trains. II. Application

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1349-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Dayhoff ◽  
G. L. Gerstein
Keyword(s):  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Spike Trains ◽  
Area 17 ◽  
Stimulus Information ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex ◽  
Template Methods ◽  
Anesthetized Cat

In this paper we apply the two methods described in the companion paper (4) to experimentally recorded spike trains from two preparations, the crayfish claw and the cat striate cortex. Neurons in the crayfish claw control system produced favored patterns in 23 of 30 spike trains under a variety of experimental conditions. Favored patterns generally consisted of 3-7 spikes and were found to be in excess by both quantized and template methods. Spike trains from area 17 of the lightly anesthetized cat showed favored patterns in 16 of 27 cases (in quantized form). Some patterns were also found to be favored in template form; these were not as abundant in the cat data as in the crayfish data. Most firing of the cat neurons occurred at times near stimulation, and the observed patterns may represent stimulus information. Favored patterns generally contained up to 7 spikes. No obvious correlations between identified neurons or experimental conditions and the generation of favored patterns were apparent from these data in either preparation. This work adds to the existing evidence that pattern codes are available for use by the nervous system. The potential biological significance of pattern codes is discussed.

Functional connectivity between simple cells and complex cells in cat striate cortex

10.1038/1609 ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose-Manuel Alonso ◽  
Luis M. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Striate Cortex ◽  
Simple Cells ◽  
Complex Cells ◽  
Cat Striate Cortex
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