The effects of chronic ethanol treatment on oligomycin sensitive ATPase activity in the guinea pig heart

1985 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. -P. Schultheiß ◽  
M. Spiegel ◽  
H. D. Bolte
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Chronic Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Guinea Pig Heart

Ultrastructural and enzymatic development of fetal guinea pig heart

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (1) ◽  
pp. H87-H93 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Rolph ◽  
C. T. Jones ◽  
D. Parry
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Citric Acid Cycle ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Glycolytic Enzyme ◽  
Guinea Pig Heart ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Phosphofructokinase Activity

The activities of some enzymes of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and amino acid metabolism have been measured in the fetal guinea pig heart over the last third of gestation and correlated with heart ultrastructural development. There is little change in glycolytic enzyme activity except for a two- to threefold increase in phosphofructokinase activity. Mitochondrial content and enzyme activities are low in the early fetal heart, and, although content is similar in the late fetus and adult, enzyme activities increase twofold postnatally, indicating fetal heart mitochondria are incompletely developed. The activities of aspartate and particularly alanine aminotransferase are low in the fetal heart. Over the last third of gestation the myofibrillar content of the fetal myocyte increases twofold to the adult value by term. Associated with this is a fourfold rise in myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity. Na+-K+-ATPase activity is similar in the late fetal and adult heart but one-third lower in the early fetal heart.

Interaction of sodium with the sarcolemmal calcium system

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Morcos ◽  
A. L. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sodium Ions ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Guinea Pig Heart ◽  
Binding Process

Sarcolemma isolated from guinea pig heart binds calcium in an ATP-dependent manner. Sodium ions decrease the total amount of calcium bound by the membranes. ATP-dependent calcium binding is more sensitive to sodium than the non-ATP-dependent calcium binding. The ATPase active during calcium binding is affected by sodium ions to the same extent as the ATP-dependent calcium binding process. The inhibition of the calcium binding process and of ATPase activity by sodium was more pronounced when the membranes were preincubated with sodium. The effect of sodium on calcium binding is dependent on both the time of contact between sodium and the membranes and the concentration of sodium. It is suggested that the effect of sodium on the calcium binding system in the sarcolemma may be a link between the inhibition of Na+K+-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3) by cardiac glycosides and the subsequent increase in intracellular calcium.

Mitochondrial Oxidation of p-N, N-Dimethylamino-β-Phenethylamine (DAPA)

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
W. Allen Shannon ◽  
Hannah L. Wasserkrug ◽  
andArnold M. Seligman
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Amine Oxidase ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Guinea Pig Heart ◽  
Pig Kidney ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vacuoles ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidation ◽  
Amine Oxidase Activity

The synthesis of a new substrate, p-N,N-dimethylamino-β-phenethylamine (DAPA)3 (Fig. 1) (1,2), and the testing of it as a possible substrate for tissue amine oxidase activity have resulted in the ultracytochemical localization of enzyme oxidase activity referred to as DAPA oxidase (DAPAO). DAPA was designed with the goal of providing an amine that would yield on oxidation a stronger reducing aldehyde than does tryptamine in the histochemical demonstration of monoamine oxidase (MAO) with tetrazolium salts.Ultracytochemical preparations of guinea pig heart, liver and kidney and rat heart and liver were studied. Guinea pig kidney, known to exhibit high levels of MAO, appeared the most reactive of the tissues studied. DAPAO reaction product appears primarily in mitochondrial outer compartments and cristae (Figs. 2-4). Reaction product is also localized in endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasmic vacuoles and nuclear envelopes (Figs. 2 and 3) and in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of heart.

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