Specific stimulation of mycobacteria phagocytosis by substances liberated during the cultivation of lymph node cells from tuberculin hypersensitive rabbits with the specific antigen

1972 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Švejcar ◽  
J. Pekárek ◽  
J. Johanovský
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Specific Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF THE STIMULATION OF DNA SYNTHESIS IN LYMPH NODE CELL CULTURES BY ANTI-LYMPHOCYTE SERUM, ANTI-GAMMA GLOBULIN SERUM, SPECIFIC ANTIGEN, AND PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ

1969 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Foerster ◽  
Jean-Pierre Lamelin ◽  
Ira Green ◽  
Baruj Benacerraf
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Lymph Node Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Stimulation Of

Rabbit anti-guinea pig lymphocyte serum is an efficient stimulus of the synthesis of DNA by guinea pig lymph node cells in vitro. The ability of ALS to stimulate lymphocytes is characterized by its lack of dependence on prior sensitization, the magnitude of the response it elicits, and the stimulation of all sensitive lymph node cells simultaneously within a very narrow range of ALS concentrations. In contrast to this homogeneous response to ALS, the stimulation of lymph node cells by antigen proceeds in graded fashion over a wide range of concentrations, thus reflecting the heterogeneity of the response of sensitized cells to antigen. PHA gives a response which is intermediate between that of ALS and antigen. ALS appears to have specificity for membrane determinants shared by lymphocytes but not found on other tissues. This specificity does not involve cell-bound gamma globulin. The serum activity mediating lymphocyte stimulation as well as cytotoxicity is readily removed by absorption with lymph node cells.

scholarly journals CYTOTOXICITY MEDIATED BY SOLUBLE ANTIGEN AND LYMPHOCYTES IN DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY

1968 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 1237-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy H. Ruddle ◽  
Byron H. Waksman
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Soluble Antigen ◽  
Rat Embryo ◽  
Egg Albumin ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Electronic Particle Counter

In the presence of specific antigen, lymph node cells from inbred rats with delayed hypersensitivity to tuberculoprotein, bovine gammaglobulin, and egg albumin produced progressive destruction of monolayers of rat embryo fibroblasts in tissue culture, first apparent at 48 hr and maximal at 72 hr. The effect was specific and did not depend on a genetic difference between the lymph node cells and target cells. It required antigen concentrations equal to or greater than 1.25 µg/ml and lymphocyte: target cell ratios of approximately 10 or 20:1. It could be evaluated both by a plaquing technique and by cell enumeration with an electronic particle counter.

scholarly journals Anti-Interleukin-15 Prevents Arthritis in Borrelia-Vaccinated and -Infected Mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey A. Amlong ◽  
Dean T. Nardelli ◽  
Sara Heil Peterson ◽  
Thomas F. Warner ◽  
Steven M. Callister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Memory Cells ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Receptor Alpha ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Interleukin 15 ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT We showed previously that interleukin-17 (IL-17) plays a significant role in the induction of arthritis associated with Borrelia vaccination and challenge. Little information, however, is available about the chain of immunologic events that leads to the release of IL-17. The production of IL-17 has been linked to stimulation of memory cells by IL-15. Therefore, we hypothesized that IL-15 is involved in the induction of arthritis associated with Borrelia vaccination and infection of mice. Here we present evidence that treatment of Borrelia-vaccinated and -infected mice with anti-IL-15 antibody prevents swelling of the hind paws. More importantly, both anti-IL-15 antibody- and recombinant IL-15 receptor alpha-treated Borrelia-vaccinated and -infected mice were free of major histopathologic indications of arthritis, including hyperplasia, hypertrophy, and vilus formation of the synovium. Similarly, the synovial space and perisynovium were free of inflammatory cells. By contrast, the synovium of nontreated Borrelia-vaccinated and -infected mice had overt hyperplasia, hypertrophy, and vilus formation. Moreover, the synovial space and perisynovium were infiltrated with neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Finally, we show that recombinant IL-15 stimulates the release of IL-17 from lymph node cells obtained near the arthritic site. These results suggest that IL-15 plays a major role in orchestrating IL-17 induction of arthritis associated with Borrelia-vaccinated and -infected mice.

scholarly journals OCCURRENCE OF DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTHUS TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY

1958 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Salvin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Egg Albumin ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Type Inclusion ◽  
Antibody Determination ◽  
Circulating Antibody

Guinea pigs were injected in the footpads with either purified diphtheria toxoid or recrystallized egg albumin in Freund adjuvant without mycobacteria. Each guinea pig was then skin-tested only once with the specific antigen and bled for antibody determination. After injection of the sensitizing antigen, a latent period occurred during which neither sensitivity nor circulating antibody could be detected. A period of delayed sensitivity followed wherein circulating antibody could not be discerned and which could be transferred by lymph node cells. Ultimately, the Arthus type sensitivity developed, accompanied by circulating antibody. The duration and severity of reactions to homologous antigens during the last 2 phases varied with the antigen and with the dose. An increase in the sensitizing dose decreased the duration of the delayed type of allergy, a decrease in the dose prolonged the delayed type. Inclusion of mycobacterium in the sensitizing inoculum tended to introduce delayed sensitivity earlier and delay the onset of Arthus type sensitivity. When specific precipitate in antibody excess was included with the toxoid in the sensitizing dose, the onset of the Arthus phase was hastened. When lymph nodes from a large number of sensitized donors were removed during the latter part of the latent period, recipients of the cells showed a delayed type sensitivity.

scholarly journals CYTOTOXICITY MEDIATED BY SOLUBLE ANTIGEN AND LYMPHOCYTES IN DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY

1968 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 1255-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy H. Ruddle ◽  
Byron H. Waksman
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Soluble Antigen ◽  
Heterologous Proteins ◽  
Rat Embryo ◽  
Protein Carrier ◽  
Lymph Node Cells

Damage of rat embryo fibroblasts in the presence of sensitized lymph node cells reacting with specific antigen was shown to be closely correlated with delayed hypersensitivity in the animals from which the lymph node cells were taken. The phenomenon was not correlated with Arthus reactivity. In. animals sensitized with picryl conjugates of ovalbumin or human serum albumin, skin reactivity and the in vitro cytotoxic effect could be elicited only with the homologous conjugate or the protein carrier alone and not with picryl conjugates of heterologous proteins. Lewis rats developed more intense delayed sensitivity than BN rats, and Lewis lymph node cells were correspondingly more effective in producing specific damage of both syngeneic and allogeneic fibroblasts.

scholarly journals HAPTEN CARRIER RELATIONSHIPS IN THE DNP-PLL·FOREIGN ALBUMIN COMPLEX SYSTEM: INDUCTION OF TOLERANCE AND STIMULATION OF CELLS IN VITRO

1968 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Green ◽  
William E. Paul ◽  
Baruj Benacerraf
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Lymph Node Cell ◽  
Simple Order ◽  
Significant Stimulation ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Stimulate Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Genetic nonresponder guinea pigs made tolerant to BSA and then immunized with DNP-PLL·BSA failed to make anti-DNP-PLL antibodies. Thus, tolerance to a carrier protein renders animals unresponsive to the hapten which it bears. The addition in vitro of DNP-PLL or DNP-GL to lymph node cell cultures derived from genetic responder animals immunized with these materials led to a significant stimulation of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA. However, the addition of DNP-PLL or DNP-GL to lymph node cell cultures from nonresponder animals immunized with these materials failed to produce any stimulation of DNA synthesis. Furthermore, the addition of DNP-PLL to lymph node cell cultures from nonresponder animals immunized with DNP-PLL·BSA or DNP-PLL·OVA also failed to stimulate cell proliferation in spite of the fact that the lymph node cells of these animals were producing anti-DNP-PLL antibodies. The above facts suggest that the function of the PLL gene product is to act at an early crucial step in the immune mechanism to form an antigen-inducer complex. The specificity of this early step may be of a simple order and different than that of the antibody which is later produced in the immune response.

scholarly journals SPECIFICITY OF THE ANTIBODIES PRODUCED BY SINGLE CELLS FOLLOWING IMMUNIZATION WITH ANTIGENS BEARING TWO TYPES OF ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS

1967 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Green ◽  
Pierre Vassalli ◽  
Victor Nussenzweig ◽  
Baruj Benacerraf
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Protein Conjugates ◽  
Carrier Molecule ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Immunofluorescent Technique ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Lymph Node

A combination of double immunofluorescent technique and radioautographic localization of radioactive antigens was used to investigate the question whether single antibody-producing cells can make antibodies of more than one specificity after immunization with antigens bearing more than one determinant. When guinea pig γ2-globulins, containing the F(ab')2 and Fc determinants, were used to immunize rabbits, a small percentage of cells (3.7%) were stained with both the anti-F(ab')2 and anti-Fc reagents. These results were shown to be due to the lack of absolute specificity of the detecting antigen and antibody reagents which can be obtained for use in this system. However, when immunological systems such as hapten-protein conjugates were used, and where completely specific antigen and antibody reagents could be prepared, the results were unequivocal. The individual lymph node cells from rabbits or guinea pigs immunized with hapten-protein conjugates produced antibodies against the hapten or antibodies against the antigenic determinants of the carrier molecule, never antibodies against both specificities.

scholarly journals THE NATURE AND THE SPECIFICITY OF MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE INFLAMMATIONS AND THE MECHANISMS LEADING TO THEIR ACCUMULATION

1971 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 1242-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Werdelin ◽  
Robert T. McCluskey
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Tissue Antigen ◽  
Autoimmune Reaction ◽  
Preferential Accumulation ◽  
Lymph Node Cells

The nature and specificity of the mononuclear cells in passively transferred autoimmune encephalomyelitis and adrenalitis were studied. The recipients were prepared by production of a small heat lesion in the target tissue 5 days before transfer. Within 24 hr after transfer of lymph node cells from donors sensitized with the corresponding tissue antigen, a dense mononuclear cell infiltrate developed around the lesion. When lymph node cells labeled in vitro with 3H-thymidine or 3H-adenosine were transferred, a significant number of labeled lymphocytes was found in the infiltrate at 24 or 48 hr. Lymphocytes labeled with 3H-thymidine showed a greater tendency to accumulate than cells labeled with 3H-adenosine, indicating that newly formed lymphocytes were more prone to enter the reaction than older cells. Labeled lymphocytes and macrophages of recipient origin and labeled lymphocytes from donors stimulated with B. pertussis were also shown to accumulate around the heat lesion provided the reaction had been initiated by transfer of unlabeled lymphocytes from donors sensitized to the appropriate tissue-specific antigen. In recipients which were given lymph node cells from two groups of donors, sensitized either to spinal cord or to adrenal antigens, with cells from only one group of donors labeled, equal percentages of labeled cells were found around each lesion. Thus, no evidence of preferential accumulation of specifically sensitized lymphocytes was obtained. In recipients which received whole body irradiation on the day of production of the heat lesions, 5 days before transfer of lymph node cells from appropriately sensitized donors, neither monocytes nor lymphocytes accumulated around the lesion. However, if the tibial bone marrow was shielded or if bone marrow cells were given to the recipients shortly after irradiation, inflammation developed as in normal recipients. In recipients which were irradiated 24 hr after the transfer of unlabeled lymph node cells from donors sensitized to the appropriate tissue antigen and then given labeled lymph node cells from B. pertussis-stimulated donors, labeled lymphocytes were found in the reaction 24 hr later. This accumulation occurred although virtually all the lymphocytes present in the lesion at 24 hr after the first transfer were destroyed by the irradiation. The results are interpreted as follows. The autoimmune reaction is initiated by the arrival at the site of a few specifically sensitized lymphocytes, probably on a random basis. After contact with antigen, factors are produced and released which cause the influx of monocytes and of lymphocytes, in particular newly formed ones, of various specificities. There is no preferential accumulation of specifically sensitized cells. The influx of lymphocytes appears to require the presence of monocytes or macrophages in the reaction.

W1185 CpG Oligonucleotide Stimulation of TLR9 Inhibits Il17 Production from Mesenteric Lymph Node Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. A-651
Author(s):  
Ahmed Metwali ◽  
Sarah Winckler ◽  
M. Nedim Ince ◽  
David E. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Cpg Oligonucleotide ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Stimulation Of
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