Gene centres, a source for genetic variants in symbiotic nitrogen fixation: The symbiotic response of the cultivated pea toRhizobium leguminosarum strains from Europe and the Middle East

1984 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Lie ◽  
D. Göktan
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation

Nodulation and frequencies of wild leguminous species in the northern Negev region of Israel

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
FW Hely ◽  
I Ofer
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Ley Farming ◽  
Lower Fertility ◽  
Nodule Tissue

(1) The nodulation by Rhizobiurn of Old World leguminous range species occurring naturally under semi-desert conditions on soils of medium and lower fertility was assessed for reference to comparable areas in southern Australia and in connection with the development of ley farming practices in dry marginal wheat areas of the Middle East. (2) Nodules were present on all 33 legumes found on three soil associations in a transition zone between the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian plant geographical territories. All species showed evidence of symbiotic nitrogen fixation; there was great variation between species in that some were uniformly well nodulated, but others were nodulated sparsely and at a low level of effectiveness. (3) In terms of amount and apparent effectiveness of nodulation per plant in spring, species of Lathyrus, Pisum, and Vicia were outstandingly good. A species each of Hymenocarpos and Lotus were well nodulated, and intermediate degrees of nodulation characterized species of Hedysarum, Hippocrepis, another Lotus, Medicago, Onobrychis, Scorpiurus, Trifolium, and Trigonella. Four species of Astragalus, one of Coronilla, and two of Ononis were poorly nodulated in the natural state on these lands. (4) Plants of Trigonella arabica Del. were present at greatest frequency over the three soil associations but species of Trifolium and Medicago were minor components. In terms of volume of active nodule tissue, however, Hymenocarpos circinnatus (L.) Savi was rated best over all soils; Onobrychis crista-galli(L.) Lam. was prominent in this respect in the most arid places.

scholarly journals Plasmids Related to the Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Are Not Only Cooperated Functionally but Also May Have Evolved over a Time Span in Family Rhizobiaceae

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2002-2014
Author(s):  
Ling-Ling Yang ◽  
Zhao Jiang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
En-Tao Wang ◽  
Xiao-Yang Zhi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Gene Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Pan Genome

Abstract Rhizobia are soil bacteria capable of forming symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules associated with leguminous plants. In fast-growing legume-nodulating rhizobia, such as the species in the family Rhizobiaceae, the symbiotic plasmid is the main genetic basis for nitrogen-fixing symbiosis, and is susceptible to horizontal gene transfer. To further understand the symbioses evolution in Rhizobiaceae, we analyzed the pan-genome of this family based on 92 genomes of type/reference strains and reconstructed its phylogeny using a phylogenomics approach. Intriguingly, although the genetic expansion that occurred in chromosomal regions was the main reason for the high proportion of low-frequency flexible gene families in the pan-genome, gene gain events associated with accessory plasmids introduced more genes into the genomes of nitrogen-fixing species. For symbiotic plasmids, although horizontal gene transfer frequently occurred, transfer may be impeded by, such as, the host’s physical isolation and soil conditions, even among phylogenetically close species. During coevolution with leguminous hosts, the plasmid system, including accessory and symbiotic plasmids, may have evolved over a time span, and provided rhizobial species with the ability to adapt to various environmental conditions and helped them achieve nitrogen fixation. These findings provide new insights into the phylogeny of Rhizobiaceae and advance our understanding of the evolution of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

scholarly journals Antioxidation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation function of prxA gene in Mesorhizobium huakuii

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjiao Wang ◽  
Tiantian Lu ◽  
Qiang Xue ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Guojun Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Mesorhizobium Huakuii

scholarly journals Influence of PRE-emergence herbicides on soybean development, root nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 105576
Author(s):  
Victor Hugo Vidal Ribeiro ◽  
Lucas Gontijo Silva Maia ◽  
Nicholas John Arneson ◽  
Maxwel Coura Oliveira ◽  
Harry Wood Read ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Root Nodulation
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