Detection of missing and irrelevant information within paper and pencil physics problems

P. K. Tao

doi:10.1007/bf02356919

Detection of missing and irrelevant information within paper and pencil physics problems

Research in Science Education ◽

10.1007/bf02356919 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 387-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. K. Tao

Keyword(s):

Irrelevant Information ◽

Paper And Pencil ◽

Physics Problems

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The Impact of Visual Stereotypes on Judgments about Rape

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024/1421-0185/a000178 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 133-140

Author(s):

Robert Busching ◽

Johannes Lutz

Keyword(s):

Mental Representations ◽

Irrelevant Information ◽

Clear Distinction ◽

Rape Myth ◽

Facial Features ◽

Reverse Correlation ◽

Correlation Technique ◽

Specific Effects ◽

Legal Judgments ◽

The Impact

Abstract. Legally irrelevant information like facial features is used to form judgments about rape cases. Using a reverse-correlation technique, it is possible to visualize criminal stereotypes and test whether these representations influence judgments. In the first step, images of the stereotypical faces of a rapist, a thief, and a lifesaver were generated. These images showed a clear distinction between the lifesaver and the two criminal representations, but the criminal representations were rather similar. In the next step, the images were presented together with rape scenarios, and participants (N = 153) indicated the defendant’s level of liability. Participants with high rape myth acceptance scores attributed a lower level of liability to a defendant who resembled a stereotypical lifesaver. However, no specific effects of the image of the stereotypical rapist compared to the stereotypical thief were found. We discuss the findings with respect to the influence of visual stereotypes on legal judgments and the nature of these mental representations.

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Riskanter schädlicher und abhängiger Alkoholkonsum: Screening, Diagnostik, Kurzintervention. Leitlinien der AWMF

SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice ◽

10.1024/suc.2004.50.2.102 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 102-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Fred Rist ◽

Ralf Demmel ◽

Ulfert Hapke ◽

Georg Kremer ◽

Hans-Jürgen Rumpf

Keyword(s):

Sensitivität Und Spezifität ◽

Paper And Pencil

Ziele: Formulierung evidenzbasierter Leitlinien, die Screening und Kurzintervention im Rahmen der medizinischen Basisversorgung erleichtern sollen. Methode: Literaturrecherche in der Datenbank MEDLINE und Auswertung der seit 1995 publizierten Studien. Ergebnisse: <OL><LI>Screening: Sensitivität und Spezifität einfacher »Paper and Pencil«-Verfahren sind in der Regel höher als die herkömmlicher biochemischer Marker. <LI>Intervention: Eine minimale Intervention kann zahlreiche Patienten veranlassen, den Konsum von Alkohol zu reduzieren. Kurzinterventionen sind in hohem Maße kosteneffizient.</OL> Schlussfolgerungen: Vor dem Hintergrund der vorliegenden Literatur erscheint die Implementierung sekundärpräventiver Maßnahmen gerechtfertigt.

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