Spatial-temporal organization of the functions of cortical neurons in a conditioned reflex to time

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-452
Author(s):  
A. V. Bogdanov ◽  
A. G. Galashina
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Reflex ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Conditioned Reflex To Time

The role of the pineal gland in forming a conditioned reflex to time in rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
É. B. Arushanyan ◽  
M. G. Vodolazhskaya
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Conditioned Reflex ◽  
Conditioned Reflex To Time

Effects of hippocampectomy on the development and recovery of a conditioned reflex to time in rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-532
Author(s):  
M. G. Vodolazhskaya
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Reflex ◽  
Conditioned Reflex To Time

Reproduction of frequency parameters of unconditioned responses in conditioned reflex responses of somatosensory cortical neurons

1973 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Author(s):  
N. N. Vasilevskii ◽  
N. B. Suvorov ◽  
V. V. Trubachev
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Reflex ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Reflex Responses

scholarly journals Developmental loss of ErbB4 in PV interneurons disrupts state-dependent cortical circuit dynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Batista-Brito ◽  
Antara Majumdar ◽  
Alejandro Nuno ◽  
Martin Vinck ◽  
Jessica A. Cardin
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
Cortical Circuits ◽  
Neuregulin 1 ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Sensory Responses ◽  
Early Developmental

AbstractGABAergic inhibition plays an important role in the establishment and maintenance of cortical circuits during development. Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) and its interneuron-specific receptor ErbB4 are key elements of a signaling pathway critical for the maturation and proper synaptic connectivity of interneurons. Using conditional deletions of the ERBB4 gene in mice, we tested the role of this signaling pathway at two developmental timepoints in parvalbumin-expressing (PV) interneurons, the largest subpopulation of cortical GABAergic cells. Loss of ErbB4 in PV interneurons during embryonic, but not late postnatal, development leads to alterations in the activity of excitatory and inhibitory cortical neurons, along with severe disruption of cortical temporal organization. These impairments emerge by the end of the second postnatal week, prior to the complete maturation of the PV interneurons themselves. Early loss of ErbB4 in PV interneurons also results in profound dysregulation of excitatory pyramidal neuron dendritic architecture and a redistribution of spine density at the apical dendritic tuft. In association with these deficits, excitatory cortical neurons exhibit normal tuning for sensory inputs, but a loss of state-dependent modulation of the gain of sensory responses. Together these data support a key role for early developmental Nrg1/ErbB4 signaling in PV interneurons as powerful mechanism underlying the maturation of both the inhibitory and excitatory components of cortical circuits.

Correlation Analysis of Corticotectal Interactions in the Cat Visual System

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 2394-2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Brecht ◽  
Wolf Singer ◽  
Andreas K. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Modulation Amplitude ◽  
Visual Responses ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Visual Cortical

Brecht, Michael, Wolf Singer, and Andreas K. Engel. Correlation analysis of corticotectal interactions in the cat visual system. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 2394–2407, 1998. We have studied the temporal relationship between visual responses in various visual cortical areas [17, 18, postero medial lateral suprasylvian (PMLS), postero lateral lateral suprasylvian (PLLS), 21a]) and the superficial layers of the cat superior colliculus (SC). To this end, simultaneous recordings were performed in one or several visual cortical areas and the SC of anesthetized paralyzed cats, and visually evoked multiunit responses were subjected to correlation analysis. Significant correlations occurred in 117 (24%) of 489 cortex-SC pairs and were found for all cortical areas recorded. About half of the significant correlograms showed an oscillatory modulation. In these cases, oscillation frequencies covered a broad range, the majority being in the alpha- and beta-band. On average, significant center peaks in cross-correlograms had a modulation amplitude of 0.34. Our analysis revealed a considerable intertrial variability of correlation patterns with respect to both correlation strength and oscillation frequency. Furthermore, cortical areas differed in their corticotectal correlation patterns. The percentage of cells involved a corticotectal correlation, as well as the percentage of significantly modulated correlograms in such cases, was low for areas 17 and PMLS but high for areas 18 and PLLS. Analysis of the cortical layers involved in these interactions showed that consistent temporal relationships between cortical and collicular responses were not restricted to layer V. Our data demonstrate a close relationship between corticotectal interactions and intracortical or intracollicular synchronization. Trial-by-trial analysis from these sites revealed a clear covariance of corticotectal correlations with intracortical synchronization. The probability of observing corticotectal interactions increased with enhanced local cortical and collicular synchronization and, in particular, with interareal cortical correlations. Corticotectal correlation patterns resemble in many ways those described among areas of the visual cortex. However, the correlations observed are weaker than those between nearby cortical sites, exhibit usually broader peaks and for some cortical areas show consistent phase-shifts. Corticotectal correlations represent population phenomena that reflect both the local and global temporal organization of activity in the cortical and collicular network and do not arise from purely monosynaptic interactions. Our findings show that both striate and extrastriate inputs affect the superficial SC in a cooperative manner and, thus, do not support the view that responses in the superficial SC depend exclusively on input from the primary visual areas as implied by the concept of “two corticotectal systems.” We conclude that the corticotectal projections convey temporal activation patterns with high reliability, thus allowing the SC evaluation of information encoded in the temporal relations between responses of spatially disseminated cortical neurons. As a consequence, information distributed across multiple cortical areas can affect the SC neurons in a coherent way.

Conditioned reflex to time inHelix lucorum

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
D. B. Logunov
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Reflex ◽  
Conditioned Reflex To Time

Electroencephalographic analysis of a conditioned reflex to time

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
E. I. Mukhin
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Reflex ◽  
Conditioned Reflex To Time

Changes in acetylcholine sensitivity of sensomotor cortical neurons during extinction of a conditioned reflex

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-542
Author(s):  
O. Kh. Koshtoyants ◽  
M. Yu. Antipina ◽  
A. V. Kol'tsova
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Reflex ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Acetylcholine Sensitivity
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