This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study on bipolar disorder, tackling the serious issue of suicidality in this at-risk group of patients. Is there a difference in suicide risk for patients with bipolar disorder who are treated with lithium, divalproex, or carbamazepine? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant case that applies the findings from the study to a clinical scenario.