The effects of family planning effort and development on fertility: An intervening variables framework

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart E. Tolnay ◽  
Daniel G. Rodeheaver
2022 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rebecca Rosenberg ◽  
John Ross ◽  
Karen Hardee ◽  
Imelda Zosa-Feranil

Background:  The “ FP2020 Global Partnership” signaled a shift to broader, rights-based approaches to family planning programs, and the National Composite Index for Family Planning was developed as part of related measurement efforts. Methods: In each country 10-15 experts on the family planning program completed a 35-item questionnaire, first in 2014 in 89 countries, and in 2017 in 84 countries. Data were entered in Excel, with checks for consistency and data quality. The total score, and scores for each of 5 dimensions of effort are averages across the 35 indicators. Analytic techniques included cross-tabulations, graphical and correlation approaches. Results: The average total score for all countries in 2017 was 64 of the maximum of 100 of effort. Sub-regions differed: Anglophone and Francophone sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) scored highest in the total score and across all 5 dimensions. Next in order came Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, and Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Despite large differences in scores, the sub-regions followed similar profiles across the 35  indicators. The long term rise in the basic family planning effort scores continued, extending the series from surveys approximately every five years beginning in the 1980s. The highest score reached was for the strategy dimension, but the others were close. Their relative levels remained essentially the same as in the 2014 survey.                     NCIFP scores correlated positively with modern contraceptive use in both the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and non-sub-Saharan Africa (non-SSA) countries, but the relationships were stronger for SSA. Access to long-acting and permanent methods (LAPMs) was accompanied by greater LAPM use and modern method use. Conclusion: Repeated surveys in most developing countries show improvements in family planning effort, though unevenly, by 35 indicators and across regions.


1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren C. Robinson

There is a general feeling that the population planning programme in Pakistan has reached a critical turning point. Despite almost 20 years of vigorous effort and the expenditure of about one billion rupees and some 70 million U.S. dollars, family planning has achieved no tangible decrease in fertility rates. Pakistan has a population of about 75 million today and this is expected to double by the year 2000. To put the matter quite bluntly, the family planning effort has not succeeded. Discouragement, disillusionment and recrimination threaten to replace the earlier enthusiasm and optimism among supporters of the programme. But while such emotional reactions are under¬standable they are not helpful. What will be useful is a careful review of these years of experience to learn whatever is there to be learned, for population planning in Pakistan will go on.


2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 306-306
Author(s):  
Yefim R. Sheynkin ◽  
David A. Schulsinger
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