Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

An efficient procedure has been developed for inducing direct somatic embryogenesis, organogenesis, and regeneration of plants from tissue cultures of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Thin transverse sections of the cotyledons and juvenile leaves were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or a substituted phenylurea, thidiazuron (TDZ). Somatic embryos or shoot buds differentiated from cut surfaces of the cotyledons and midrib region of the leaves. The application of BAP induced differentiation of shoot buds whereas the treatment with TDZ resulted in the production of somatic embryos. Somatic embryos developed into plants after subculturing on a basal meduim. Agar-solidified medium was found to be superior to the liquid medium for the development of embryos and shoot buds. The procedure of TDZ-induced somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration was successfully applied to three genotypes of peanut. A distinct feature of this study is the induction of the morphogenic competence in cultures of seedling expiants of peanut that so far have remained recalcitrant to somatic embryogenesis in vitro. Key words: peanut, Arachis hypogaea, shoot regeneration, somatic embryogenesis, thidiazuron, plant regeneration.

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EFFECT OF 2,4-D AND NAA ON SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS FROM APICAL PORTION OF GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)

International journal of multidisciplinary advanced scientific research and innovation ◽

10.53633/ijmasri.2021.1.7.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (7) ◽

pp. 119-124

Author(s):

Muniappan V ◽

Manivel P ◽

Prabakaran V ◽

Palanivel S ◽

Parvathi S

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Somatic Embryo ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Somatic Embryos ◽

Mature Embryo ◽

Induction Medium ◽

Embryogenic Cultures ◽

Apical Portion ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Somatic Embryo Induction

Somatic embryogenesis was carried out epicotyl portion of the mature embryo/apical portion. The somatic embryo induction medium containing 2,4-D or NAA (10.0 to 50.0 mg/l). Of the two concentrations tested 2,4-D (30.0mg/l) recorded the highest percentage of response followed by NAA (30.0mg/l). But the highest number of somatic embryo were recorded in 30.0mg/l of 2,4-D followed by NAA. The apical portion of the mature embryo formed direct embryos without any intervention of callus. The maximum percentage of embryogenic cultures were noticed in 30.0mg/l of 2,4-D followed by NAA at 30.0mg/l. for the differentiation of somatic embryos, the embryogenic masses were transferred to medium without any growth regulator. The maximum number of somatic embryos per culture was recorded in 30 mg/l of 2,4-D followed by 30.0 mg/l of NAA. Keywords: Arachis hypogaea L.,Somatic Embryogenesis, 2,4-D and NAA

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In Vitro Callus Culture and Plant Regeneration from Different Explants of Groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.).

Ikushugaku zasshi ◽

10.1270/jsbbs1951.46.315 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 315-320

Author(s):

Perumal Venkatachalam ◽

Adaikalam Subramaniampillai ◽

Narayanasamylpillai Jayabalan

Keyword(s):

Plant Regeneration ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Callus Culture ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L

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Histological analysis of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis induced from mature zygotic embryo-derived leaflets of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Plant Science ◽

10.1016/s0168-9452(01)00439-3 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 161 (3) ◽

pp. 415-421 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

K. Chengalrayan ◽

S. Hazra ◽

M. Gallo-Meagher

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Histological Analysis ◽

Zygotic Embryo ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Mature Zygotic Embryo

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EFFICIENT CALLUS INDUCTION AND PLANT REGENERATION VIA SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS FROM IMMATURE LEAF-DERIVED PROTOPLASTS OF GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)

Israel Journal of Plant Sciences ◽

10.1080/07929978.1996.10676660 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 387-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Perumal Venkatachalam ◽

Narayanasamypillai Jayabalan

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Plant Regeneration ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Alternative Methods ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

High Yields ◽

2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

High yields of protoplasts were obtained from immature leaves of aseptically grown plants of Arachis hypogaea using an enzyme solution containing cellulase 2.0% (w/v) and Macerozyme 1.0% (w/v) in 0.6 M mannitol. Isolated protoplasts were cultured in Kao's medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The protoplasts started to divide after 3–5 days of culture. Sustained divisions resulted in mass production of cell colonies and mini calli in 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, protoplast colonies were transferred to the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and BAP. Colonies proliferated into actively growing calli. Further attempts to regenerate plants from such calli were not successful. However, protoclones differentiated roots on the same medium. Alternative methods for plant regeneration from protoplast derived callus cultures were tried through somatic embryogenesis. Protoplast-derived calli treated with 2,4-D and BAP formed somatic embryos. Somatic embryogenesis began in the proembryo stage and proceeded from globular to dicotyledonary stage. Embryos were then transferred onto hormone-free MS medium for germination. Five to ten percent of these embryoids germinated and grew to plantlets. Regenerated plants were transferred to plastic cups and grown to maturity.

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