Graft bending angle of the reconstructed posterior cruciate ligament gradually decreases as knee flexion increases

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 2626-2633
Author(s):  
Min Jung ◽  
Si Young Song ◽  
Myoungsoo Cha ◽  
Hyun-Min Chung ◽  
Yoon Sang Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Bending Angle ◽  
Graft Bending Angle

scholarly journals Biomechanical Effects of Aspect Ratio of the Knee during Outside-In Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tae Soo Bae ◽  
Byeong Chan Cho ◽  
Dai-Soon Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tunnel Length ◽  
Bending Angle ◽  
Lateral Epicondyle ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Graft Bending Angle ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

We analyzed tunnel length, graft bending angle, and stress of the graft according to tunnel entry position and aspect ratio (ASR: ratio of anteroposterior depth to mediolateral width) of the articular surface for the distal femur during single-bundle outside-in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery. We performed multiflexible body dynamic analyses with four ASR (98, 105, 111, and 117%) knee models. The various ASRs were associated with approximately 1 mm changes in tunnel length. The graft bending angle increased when the entry point was far from the lateral epicondyle and was larger when the ASR was smaller. The graft was at maximum stress, 117% ASR, when the tunnel entry point was near the lateral epicondyle. The maximum stress value at a 5 mm distance from the lateral epicondyle was 3.5 times higher than the 15 mm entry position, and the cases set to 111% and 105% ASR showed 1.9 times higher stress values when at a 5 mm distance compared with a 15 mm distance. In the case set at 98% ASR, the low-stress value showed a without-distance difference from the lateral epicondyle. Our results suggest that there is no relationship between the ASR and femoral tunnel length. A smaller ASR causes a higher graft bending angle, and a larger ASR causes greater stress in the graft.

scholarly journals Mathematic Modelling of Stress in Healthy Knee Joint and After Arthroplastywith Different Typesof Endoprostheses

2017 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
S. M. Smetanin ◽  
G. M. Kavalerskiy
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Healthy Knee ◽  
Deformed State

Purpose of study. To study stressed-deformed state of the healthy knee joint and after arthroplasty using endoprostheses with either preservation or substitution of the posterior cruciate ligament by the method of numerical mathematical modelling.Materials and methods.Peculiarities of stress distribution in bones were determined on three mathematical models - healthy knee joint and joint after arthroplasty using endoprostheses with either preservation or substitution of the posterior cruciate ligament at the set load (80 kg) in straightened leg and either 45° or 90° knee flexion.Results. In healthy knee joint with a straightened leg the stress in the tibia is 2.3 times higher than in the femur. With knee flexion the stress in bone tissue increases and this increase is more intensive in the femur. After arthroplasty using endoprosthesis with substitution of the posterior cruciate ligament the stress in the tibia and femur is higher at all flexion angles as compared to arthroplasty using endoprosthesis with posterior cruciate ligament preservationConclusion.The obtained data may be used for mathematical substantiation of the advantage of endoprosthesis with preservation of the posterior cruciate ligament and in complex with the data of national and international registers will enable to optimize the treatment tactics in patients to whom knee arthroplasty is indicated.

Determination of the In Situ Forces in the Human Posterior Cruciate Ligament Using Robotic Technology

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross J. Fox ◽  
Christopher D. Harner ◽  
Masataka Sakane ◽  
Gregory J. Carlin ◽  
Savio L-Y. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Flexion Angle ◽  
Knee Flexion Angle ◽  
Posterior Tibial ◽  
Anterolateral Bundle ◽  
Posteromedial Bundle ◽  
Force Moment

We examined the in situ forces in the posterior cruciate ligament as well as the force distribution between its anterolateral and posteromedial bundles. Using a robotic manipulator in conjunction with a universal force-moment sensor system, we applied posterior tibial loads from 22 to 110 N to the joint at 0° to 90° of knee flexion. The magnitude of the in situ force in the posterior cruciate ligament and its bundles was significantly affected by knee flexion angle and posterior tibial loading. In situ forces in the posterior cruciate ligament ranged from 6.1 6.0 N under a 22-N posterior tibial load at 0° of knee flexion to 112.3 28.5 N under a 110-N load at 90°. The force in the posteromedial bundle reached a maximum of 67.9 31.5 N at 90° of knee flexion, and the force in the anterolateral bundle reached a maximum of 47.8 23.0 N at 60° of knee flexion under a 110-N load. No significant differences existed between the in situ forces in the two bundles at any knee flexion angle. This study provides insight into the knee flexion angle at which each bundle of the posterior cruciate ligament experiences the highest in situ forces under posterior tibial loading. This information can help guide us in more accurate graft placement, fixation, and tensioning, and serve as an assessment of graft performance.

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